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A 7-year-old child with cystic fibrosis is admitted to the hospital with a respiratory infection. The nurse is teaching the child's parents about the importance of chest physiotherapy (CPT). Which statement by the parents indicates they need further teaching?
- A. We should perform CPT before meals.
- B. CPT will help loosen mucus in the lungs.
- C. We should perform CPT right after the child eats.
- D. CPT is an important part of our child's treatment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A mother brings her school-aged daughter to the pediatric clinic for evaluation of her anti-epileptic medication regimen. What information should the nurse provide to the mother?
- A. The medication dose will be tapered over a period of 2 weeks when being discontinued
- B. If seizures return, multiple medications will be prescribed for another 2 years
- C. A dose of valproic acid (Depakote) should be available in the event of status epilepticus
- D. Phenytoin (Dilantin) and phenobarbital (Luminal) should be taken for life
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
When teaching parents of a 5-year-old child with sickle cell anemia about pain management, what information should be included?
- A. Apply cold compresses to painful areas.
- B. Encourage the child to rest as much as possible.
- C. Administer prescribed pain medication at the first sign of pain.
- D. Offer a high-protein diet to help with pain management.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering prescribed pain medication at the first sign of pain is crucial in managing sickle cell anemia-related pain effectively. Prompt administration helps prevent the pain from escalating and becoming severe, enhancing the child's comfort and quality of life. Cold compresses, rest, and diet modifications may play supportive roles but are not as directly impactful in addressing acute pain episodes associated with sickle cell anemia.
A 4-month-old girl is brought to the clinic by her mother because she has had a cold for 2 or 3 days and woke up this morning with a hacking cough and difficulty breathing. Which additional assessment finding should alert the nurse that the child is in acute respiratory distress?
- A. Bilateral bronchial breath sounds.
- B. Diaphragmatic respiration.
- C. A resting respiratory rate of 35 breaths per minute.
- D. Flaring of the nares.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flaring of the nares is a classic sign of acute respiratory distress in infants. It indicates increased work of breathing and is a visible cue that the child is struggling to breathe. This finding should alert healthcare providers to the severity of the respiratory distress and the need for prompt intervention to support the child's breathing.
A 4-year-old child is brought to the clinic with complaints of ear pain and fever. The practical nurse suspects otitis media. Which symptom supports this suspicion?
- A. Clear nasal discharge.
- B. Dry, hacking cough.
- C. Tugging at the ear.
- D. Sore throat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tugging at the ear is a common symptom in children with otitis media. It often indicates discomfort or pain in the ear, suggesting inflammation or infection in the middle ear. This behavior is frequently observed in young children who are unable to express their discomfort verbally, making it a significant clinical indicator for otitis media in this age group.
A mother brings her 2-year-old son to the clinic because he has been crying and pulling on his earlobe for the past 12 hours. The child's oral temperature is 101.2°F. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Ask the mother if the child has had a runny nose
- B. Cleanse purulent exudate from the affected ear canal
- C. Apply a topical antibiotic to the periauricular area
- D. Provide parent education to prevent recurrence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a child presenting with ear pain and fever, asking if the child has had a runny nose is crucial in assessing for possible ear infection causes. Respiratory infections can lead to secondary ear infections, so exploring symptoms related to upper respiratory tract infections, like a runny nose, can help in the evaluation and management of the child's condition.