Pharmacology HESI Practice

Pharmacology HESI Practice Related

Review Pharmacology HESI Practice related questions and content

A patient with irritable bowel syndrome starts a new prescription for dicyclomine, an anticholinergic medication. The client reports the onset of sensitivity to light and a dry mouth. How should the nurse respond?

  • A. Determine if the medication is being taken correctly
  • B. Provide instructions on managing these side effects
  • C. Schedule an appointment for evaluation by the healthcare provider
  • D. Advise stopping the medication until the unpleasant side effects wear off
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct response is to provide instructions on managing these side effects. Sensitivity to light and dry mouth are common side effects of anticholinergic medications like dicyclomine. It is essential for the nurse to educate the patient on strategies to cope with these side effects, such as staying hydrated to address dry mouth and wearing sunglasses to reduce sensitivity to light. Option A is not the priority as the side effects are expected with this medication and do not necessarily indicate incorrect use. Option C is not immediately necessary as the side effects are common and can be managed without a healthcare provider evaluation. Option D is not recommended unless advised by the healthcare provider as abruptly stopping the medication can lead to worsening symptoms or withdrawal effects.

You may also like to solve these questions

The healthcare professional is creating a class for older adults in the community. Which information about laxative use in older adults would be important to include?

  • A. Laxatives are not effective in older adults
  • B. All laxatives are exactly the same
  • C. Over-the-counter laxatives are misused
  • D. Laxatives can cause potassium retention
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is important to include information about the misuse of over-the-counter laxatives in older adults as they often misuse these medications, which can lead to dependency and other health issues. Option A is incorrect as laxatives can be effective in older adults when used appropriately. Option B is incorrect because not all laxatives are the same, they have different mechanisms of action and side effects. Option D is incorrect because laxatives can actually cause electrolyte imbalances like potassium depletion rather than retention.

A client has metoprolol prescribed. The nurse should reinforce instructions that this medication has which potential adverse effect?

  • A. Anxiety
  • B. Tachycardia
  • C. Sexual dysfunction
  • D. Acute renal failure
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sexual dysfunction. Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, can cause sexual dysfunction as an adverse effect. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about this potential side effect. Choice A is incorrect because metoprolol can cause depression, not anxiety. Choice B is incorrect as tachycardia is not an adverse effect of metoprolol; instead, it can lead to bradycardia. Choice D is incorrect because acute renal failure is not typically associated with the use of beta-blockers.

The nurse is preparing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this?

  • A. Guaifenesin
  • B. Prednisone
  • C. Salmeterol
  • D. Tiotropium
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A home health care nurse observes that a client with Parkinson's syndrome is experiencing increased tremors and difficulty in movement. What should the nurse do in response to this finding?

  • A. Report the observed finding to the healthcare provider right away
  • B. Arrange a medical evaluation so the medication dose can be adjusted
  • C. Schedule a return home visit in 2 weeks to monitor
  • D. Explain that this is an expected progression of Parkinson's
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a client with Parkinson's syndrome experiencing increased tremors and movement difficulty, arranging a medical evaluation is crucial to adjust the medication dose. This proactive approach helps in managing the symptoms effectively. Reporting the finding to the healthcare provider may delay necessary adjustments in treatment. Scheduling a return home visit in 2 weeks may not address the immediate need for medication adjustment. Explaining that the progression is expected without taking action does not address the client's worsening symptoms.

A practical nurse (PN) is providing education to a client who is starting therapy with metformin for type 2 diabetes. What side effect should the client be instructed to report to the healthcare provider?

  • A. Weight gain
  • B. Hypoglycemia
  • C. Muscle pain
  • D. Nausea
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Nausea.' Nausea is a common side effect of metformin, especially when the medication is first started. It is essential for the client to report persistent or severe nausea to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Weight gain (Choice A) is not a typical side effect of metformin; in fact, metformin is associated with weight loss or weight neutrality. Hypoglycemia (Choice B) is a potential side effect of some diabetes medications, but metformin does not typically cause hypoglycemia. Muscle pain (Choice C) is not a common side effect of metformin; it is more commonly associated with other medications like statins.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.