Adult Health Exam 1

Adult Health Exam 1 Related

Review Adult Health Exam 1 related questions and content

A client reports feeling isolated and lonely two weeks after the death of a spouse. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

  • A. Encourage talking about the spouse
  • B. Provide information on grief counseling
  • C. Suggest joining a support group
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: During the grieving process, individuals may benefit from various interventions to cope with their emotions and feelings of isolation. Encouraging the client to talk about the deceased spouse can provide an outlet for their emotions. Providing information on grief counseling can offer professional support tailored to their needs. Suggesting joining a support group can help the client connect with others who are going through a similar experience, fostering a sense of belonging and understanding. By selecting 'All of the above' as the correct answer, it acknowledges the importance of utilizing multiple strategies to support the client's emotional health and facilitate the grieving process effectively. The other options alone may not address all aspects of the client's needs during this difficult time.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from surgery with an indwelling urinary catheter in place. What is the most important assessment for the nurse to make?

  • A. Check for catheter patency
  • B. Assess the color of the urine
  • C. Measure the urine output
  • D. Ensure the catheter tubing is secure
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most important assessment for the nurse to make in this situation is to measure the urine output. This assessment is crucial in monitoring kidney function and fluid balance after surgery. While checking for catheter patency is important, it is not as critical as measuring urine output. Assessing the color of the urine can provide some information about kidney function, but measuring output gives a more accurate assessment. Ensuring the catheter tubing is secure is essential to prevent dislodgement but is not the most critical assessment to make at this time.

Which nonfood item is the most common cause of respiratory arrest in young children?

  • A. Broken rattles
  • B. Buttons
  • C. Pacifiers
  • D. Latex balloons
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Latex balloons. Latex balloons can pose a significant choking hazard to young children if inhaled, potentially leading to respiratory arrest. Broken rattles, buttons, and pacifiers are not typically known to cause respiratory arrest in young children. While these items can present choking hazards as well, the most common cause of respiratory arrest among young children is due to inhaling latex balloons.

A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving hemodialysis. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?

  • A. Decreased urine output
  • B. Weight loss of 1 kg
  • C. Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg
  • D. Presence of a bruit over the fistula
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. An elevated blood pressure in clients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis can indicate fluid overload or poor dialysis efficacy and should be reported immediately. This finding could lead to complications such as heart failure or pulmonary edema. Choices A, B, and D are not as critical in this situation. Decreased urine output may be expected due to the kidney disease, a weight loss of 1 kg is within an acceptable range, and the presence of a bruit over the fistula is a common finding in clients undergoing hemodialysis and does not require immediate reporting.

A client reports pain after medication administration. What is the next best step for the nurse?

  • A. Reassess the client's pain
  • B. Increase the pain medication dose
  • C. Apply a cold compress
  • D. Contact the healthcare provider
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to reassess the client's pain. Reassessment is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the initial intervention. By reassessing, the nurse can determine if the current pain management plan is adequate or if further interventions are required. Increasing the pain medication dose without reassessment can lead to overmedication and potential adverse effects. Applying a cold compress may not address the underlying cause of the pain and should be based on a proper assessment. Contacting the healthcare provider should be considered if the reassessment indicates a need for further evaluation or intervention beyond the nurse's scope of practice.

A client with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What is the primary action of this medication?

  • A. Increases joint lubrication
  • B. Reduces inflammation by suppressing the immune system
  • C. Enhances bone density
  • D. Stimulates cartilage regeneration
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Methotrexate is an immunosuppressant that works by suppressing the immune system, thereby reducing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Methotrexate does not directly increase joint lubrication (Choice A) as its primary action is on the immune system. Choices C and D are incorrect since methotrexate does not enhance bone density or stimulate cartilage regeneration. It is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the mechanism of action of medications to provide safe and effective care to patients.

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