Nokea
Which cephalosporin generation is effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?
- A. First generation
- B. Second generation
- C. Third generation
- D. Fifth generation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fifth-generation cephalosporins, like ceftaroline, are effective against MRSA, unlike earlier generations.
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Which of the following glucocorticosteroids are used for cerebral oedema:
- A. Triamcinolon
- B. Prednisolon
- C. Prednison
- D. Dexamethasone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dexamethasone is preferred for cerebral edema due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects and minimal mineralocorticoid activity.
Aminoglycosides work by irreversibly binding to the 30 ribosomal subunit.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aminoglycosides irreversibly bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit, disrupting bacterial protein synthesis and leading to bactericidal effects.
Furosemide is added to a treatment regimen for heart failure that includes digoxin. Monitoring for this combination includes:
- A. Hemoglobin
- B. Serum potassium
- C. Blood urea nitrogen
- D. Serum glucose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide's potassium loss can enhance digoxin toxicity, requiring potassium monitoring.
A patient with Type 2 diabetes mellitus begins gaining weight after several months of therapy with an oral antidiabetic agent. A complete workup indicates edema and other signs and symptoms of heart failure. Which of the following antidiabetic drug or group was the most likely cause?
- A. Acarbose
- B. Biguanides
- C. Glitazones (thiazolidinediones, such as rosiglitazone)
- D. Metformin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glitazones like rosiglitazone can cause fluid retention and weight gain, increasing the risk of heart failure.
A nurse is preparing to perform a follow-up assessment on a client who takes Chlorpromazine for the treatment of Schizophrenia. The nurse should expect to find the greatest improvement in which of the following manifestations?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Disorganized speech
- B. Bizarre behavior
- C. Impaired social interactions
- D. Hallucinations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chlorpromazine improves positive symptoms like speech , behavior , and hallucinations , less so negative symptoms.