Nokea
You are caring for a patient who takes several drugs. You know that those patients most likely to have adverse drug reactions are who?
- A. Patients with coronary artery disease
- B. Non-compliant patients
- C. Patients who are on the recommended dose
- D. Very young and very old patients
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Very young and old patients have immature or declining organ function, increasing adverse reaction risk.
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Who defines the standards of care for the practice of nursing? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. State boards of nursing
- B. Hospital policy and procedures
- C. Federal laws regulating health care facilities
- D. The Joint Commission
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Standards of care are defined by state boards of nursing, federal laws regulating health care facilities, The Joint Commission, and professional nursing associations such as the American Nurses Association. Individual hospital policies and procedures incorporate federal and state guidelines into their respective policies and procedures and are often more stringent than state and federal regulations.
After teaching a group of students about the different routes of medication administration, the nursing instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a topical drug?
- A. Capsule
- B. Suppository
- C. Nebulized bronchodilator
- D. Nicotine patch
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Topical drugs are drugs that are applied to the outer layer of the skin but not absorbed through the skin, such as eyedrops and suppositories. A nebulized bronchodilator is an inhaled medication. A nicotine patch delivers the medication transdermally; that is, it is readily absorbed from the skin. A capsule is a form of oral medication.
Patients with pernicious anemia require treatment with:
- A. Iron
- B. Folic acid
- C. Epogen alpha
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pernicious anemia requires vitamin B12 due to absorption deficiency; folate masks it without correcting neuropathy.
A patient is using the Commit lozenge 2 mg to help quit smoking and reports nausea and indigestion. The nurse will instruct the patient to perform which action?
- A. Allow the lozenge to dissolve slowly over 20 to 30 minutes
- B. Chew the lozenge thoroughly before swallowing it
- C. Increase to 4 mg and use less often
- D. Take the lozenge with food and a full glass of water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Slow dissolution minimizes GI upset from nicotine lozenges; chewing worsens it. The patient should allow the lozenge to dissolve slowly.
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a female client who has Bipolar disorder and a new prescription for Carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. This medication can safely be taken during pregnancy.
- B. Eliminate grapefruit juice from your diet.
- C. You will need to have a complete blood count and carbamazepine levels drawn periodically.
- D. You'll your provider if you develop a rash.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grapefruit juice interacts, blood counts monitor toxicity, rash signals reaction, and driving caution addresses sedation.