Nokea
Bromocriptine is (select one that does not apply)
- A. A partial agonist of dopamine
- B. A partial antagonist of dopamine
- C. Used in the treatment of parkinsonism
- D. Used to reduce GH secretion in acromegaly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist used in parkinsonism and acromegaly; all except B are correct.
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration MedWatch system is activated when:
- A. There is an adverse event to a vaccine.
- B. The patient has a severe reaction that is noted in the 'Severe Reaction' section in the medication label.
- C. A lactating woman takes a medication that is potentially toxic to the breastfeeding infant.
- D. An adverse event or serious problem occurs with a medication that is not already identified on the label.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MedWatch reports new, unlabeled adverse events , beyond vaccines , known reactions , or lactation risks .
A 57-year-old man was recently diagnosed with Type-2 diabetes mellitus and placed on a medication. He began having myalgias and feeling sick and later developed respiratory distress, so he went to the hospital. His pH was 7.2, and he had elevated blood lactate levels. Which drug is likely causing his problem?
- A. Acarbose
- B. Glyburide
- C. Metformin
- D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is associated with lactic acidosis, presenting with low pH and high lactate, especially in overdose or renal impairment.
What medication is most likely to cause his weight gain?
- A. Acarbose
- B. Exenatide
- C. Glyburide
- D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pioglitazone is most likely to cause weight gain due to fluid retention and fat accumulation.
The home health nurse is caring for a 77-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. What would the nurse consider a priority to assess to develop the most effective plan of care related to medication administration?
- A. Description of the patient's living environment
- B. Required lifestyle changes
- C. Family members in the community
- D. Compliance with therapy to reduce risk of skin breakdown
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Living environment affects medication storage, access, and administration, critical for an elderly patient with CHF.
Drugs do not metabolize the same way in all people. For what patient would a nurse expect to assess for an alteration in drug metabolism?
- A. A 35-year-old woman with cervical cancer
- B. A 41-year-old man with kidney stones
- C. A 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of the liver
- D. A 62-year-old woman in acute renal failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver is the most important site of drug metabolism. If the liver is not functioning effectively, as in patients with cirrhosis, drugs will not metabolize normally so that toxic levels could develop unless dosage is reduced. A patient with cervical cancer or kidney stones would not be expected to have altered ability to metabolize drugs so long as no liver damage existed. The patient with renal failure would have altered excretion of the drugs through the renal system but metabolism would not be impacted.