Nokea
A nurse in a family practice clinic is screening an adolescent client for idiopathic scoliosis. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform as part of this screening?
- A. Measure the truncal rotation
- B. Administered 8 u regular insulin sq
- C. Determine if the stockings are binding
- D. Arrange for an ethics committee meeting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Measure the truncal rotation. When screening for idiopathic scoliosis, assessing truncal rotation is essential as it helps in detecting the presence of spinal curvature. Truncal rotation is a key indicator of scoliosis as the spine rotates along with the curvature. This assessment involves observing the symmetry of the shoulders and scapulae, which can indicate spinal rotation. Therefore, measuring truncal rotation is a crucial step in identifying potential scoliosis in adolescents.
Summary:
B: Administered 8 u regular insulin sq - Irrelevant to scoliosis screening, this is related to diabetes management.
C: Determine if the stockings are binding - Irrelevant to scoliosis screening, this is related to circulation issues.
D: Arrange for an ethics committee meeting - Irrelevant to scoliosis screening, this is related to ethical considerations in healthcare.
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A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who requests assistance with smoking cessation. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications?
- A. Naltrexone
- B. Chlordiazepoxide
- C. Clonidine
- D. Bupropion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bupropion. Bupropion is an antidepressant that is also FDA-approved for smoking cessation. It works by reducing nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Naltrexone (A) is used for alcohol and opioid dependence, not smoking cessation. Chlordiazepoxide (B) is a benzodiazepine used for alcohol withdrawal. Clonidine (C) is used to manage withdrawal symptoms in opioid and alcohol dependence, not specifically for smoking cessation. Therefore, Bupropion is the most appropriate choice for assisting the client with smoking cessation.
A nurse in the infectious disease division of the local health department is caring for a client. Which of the following infections should the nurse identify should be reported to the health department?
- A. Clostridium difficile
- B. Herpes simplex virus
- C. Chlamydia trachomatis
- D. Human papilloma virus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chlamydia trachomatis. This infection should be reported to the health department because it is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can have public health implications. Reporting helps track and control the spread of the infection, ensure proper treatment for the affected individual, and prevent further transmission. The other choices (A, B, and D) are not typically reportable to the health department as they are not considered communicable diseases that pose a significant public health risk. Reporting these infections may not be necessary for public health surveillance or intervention purposes.
Which was a duty performed by district nurses in Liverpool, England, in 1865?
- A. Use epidemiologic knowledge and methods
- B. Encourage community organization
- C. Report facts to and ask questions of physicians
- D. Assist physicians with surgery in the newly constructed hospitals
- F. Identifying potential negative outcomes due to exposure to the toxic chemicals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. District nurses in Liverpool in 1865 reported facts to and asked questions of physicians. This duty was crucial for proper patient care as it ensured that physicians were informed about the patient's condition and could provide appropriate treatment. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Epidemiologic knowledge and methods were not commonly used by district nurses at that time. B) Encouraging community organization was not a primary duty of district nurses. D) District nurses did not typically assist physicians with surgery. F) Identifying potential negative outcomes due to exposure to toxic chemicals was not a common duty of district nurses in 1865 Liverpool.
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eightprinciples. Which is one of the eight domains of public health nursing practice?
- A. Policy development and individual planning skills
- B. Individual dimensions of practice skills
- C. Financial planning and management skills
- D. Leadership and individual critical thinking skills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Policy development and individual planning skills. This domain is crucial in public health nursing as it involves advocating for policies that promote health and prevent disease within communities. Public health nurses need to understand how policies are developed and implemented to address population health issues effectively. Choices B, C, and D focus on individual aspects of practice and do not capture the population-based perspective of public health nursing. Therefore, they are incorrect.
The nurse has been reading extensively on a particular clinical problem, using both the closest medical library and the Internet. Which of the following would be the most helpful source?
- A. A journal with a whole issue devoted to research on that clinical problem
- B. A randomized controlled clinical trial related to that clinical problem
- C. A researcher who has built a career on studying that clinical problem
- D. A systematic review related to the clinical problem
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A systematic review related to the clinical problem. This is because a systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of all available evidence on a specific topic, including individual studies such as randomized controlled trials. It helps to synthesize and critically appraise the existing research, offering a high level of evidence to guide clinical practice. Choice A may provide in-depth research but may not cover all relevant studies. Choice B is a single study and may not offer a broad perspective. Choice C focuses on a single researcher and may not encompass the full spectrum of evidence.