Nokea
During which phase of the community organizing process are the leaders or groups given training to develop their knowledge, skills, and attitudes in managing their own programs?
- A. Sustenance and strengthening phase
- B. Pre-entry phase
- C. Organizing-building phase
- D. Entry phase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the organizing-building phase. This phase involves providing training to leaders and groups to develop their knowledge, skills, and attitudes in managing their own programs. Choice A, the sustenance and strengthening phase, focuses more on maintaining and enhancing existing programs rather than training. Choice B, the pre-entry phase, occurs before actual organizing and training take place. Choice D, the entry phase, is about initiating the community organizing process, not specifically about training leaders and groups.
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What does the term 'health disparity' refer to?
- A. Equal access to healthcare for all individuals
- B. Differences in health outcomes between different population groups
- C. High-quality healthcare for everyone
- D. Providing the same treatments to everyone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. 'Health disparity' refers to differences in health outcomes between different population groups. This term highlights variations in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups. Choice A is incorrect as health disparity is about health outcomes, not just access to healthcare. Choice C is too broad and not specific to the concept of health disparity. Choice D is incorrect as health disparity recognizes that different populations may need tailored or different treatments based on their specific health needs.
When assisting a family who fails to take action during a sick member despite suggestions, you will:
- A. explain the consequences of inaction
- B. identify the courses of action open to the family and the resources needed for each
- C. discuss the consequences of each course of action available
- D. influence the family to act on what you think is best for the situation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When helping a family decide on actions to take, it is essential to identify the courses of action available to them and the resources needed for each. This empowers the family to make informed decisions based on their specific situation. Explaining the consequences of inaction (Choice A) may be necessary but does not provide a range of options. Discussing the consequences of each course of action (Choice C) is important but does not actively guide the family on the available actions. Influencing the family (Choice D) to act based on personal judgment undermines their autonomy and may not lead to the best outcome.
An example of secondary prevention strategy would be:
- A. Screening for breast cancer in women who have no symptoms
- B. Using pain control medications for terminal cancer patients
- C. Educating teenagers about using condoms to prevent STDs
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Screening for breast cancer is a secondary prevention strategy aimed at early detection, which falls under secondary prevention as it focuses on early identification and intervention before the disease progresses. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to palliative care for symptom management in terminal cancer patients, which is not a secondary prevention strategy. Choice C is incorrect as educating teenagers about condom use is a primary prevention strategy to prevent the initial occurrence of STDs rather than intervening after exposure, making it a primary, not a secondary prevention strategy. Choice D is incorrect as there is a valid example of a secondary prevention strategy provided in choice A.
In evaluating your client's level of wellness, which of the following indicators can you see?
- A. Appropriate nutritional level
- B. Sense of personal security
- C. Acceptance of oneself and one's limitations
- D. Maladaptations to one's environment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When evaluating a client's level of wellness, indicators such as appropriate nutritional level, sense of personal security, and acceptance of oneself and one's limitations are crucial. Option C, 'Acceptance of oneself and one's limitations,' directly relates to mental wellness and self-awareness, making it a key indicator of overall well-being. Options A, B, and D are not as directly tied to the psychological and emotional aspects of wellness, making them less relevant indicators in this context. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
In a well-child clinic, the nurse examines many children daily. Which of the following toddlers requires further follow-up?
- A. A 13-month-old who is unable to walk
- B. A 20-month-old who is only using 2 and 3 word sentences
- C. A 24-month-old who cries during examination
- D. A 30-month-old who is only drinking from a sip cup
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a 30-month-old should have developed the skill to drink from a regular cup by this age. Drinking from a sip cup at this stage may indicate a delay in development. Choices A, B, and C are not as concerning as they can be within the range of normal development. A 13-month-old not walking yet, a 20-month-old using 2 and 3 word sentences, and a 24-month-old crying during examination are all behaviors that can fall within the spectrum of typical development for their respective ages.