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The doctor has ordered Synthroid 75 mcg oral daily. The available Synthroid is 0.15 mg tablets. How many tablets will the nurse administer?
- A. 1 tablet
- B. 0.5 tablet
- C. 2 tablets
- D. 1.5 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.5 tablet. To determine the number of tablets needed, convert 75 mcg to mg by dividing by 1000 (75 mcg = 0.075 mg). Then, divide the prescribed dose (0.075 mg) by the tablet strength (0.15 mg) to find the number of tablets needed (0.075 mg / 0.15 mg = 0.5 tablet). This calculation ensures the patient receives the correct dosage. Choice A is incorrect as it does not account for the tablet strength. Choices C and D are incorrect as they result in a higher dose than prescribed.
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A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a toddler who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Perform chest percussion and postural drainage at least twice daily.
- B. Restrict intake of foods that contain gluten.
- C. Administer pancreatic enzymes on an empty stomach.
- D. Use a nebulizer to administer a bronchodilator following airway clearance therapy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform chest percussion and postural drainage at least twice daily. This is crucial in managing cystic fibrosis as it helps to loosen and clear mucus from the lungs. Chest percussion and postural drainage can improve lung function and reduce the risk of respiratory infections. Restricting intake of foods that contain gluten (B) is not necessary for cystic fibrosis. Administering pancreatic enzymes on an empty stomach (C) is important but not the priority in this case. Using a nebulizer to administer a bronchodilator following airway clearance therapy (D) is helpful but not as essential as chest percussion and postural drainage.
A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who is 4 hr postoperative following appendicitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Give cromolyn nebulized solution every 8 hr.
- B. Administer analgesics on a scheduled basis for the first 24 hr.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the operative site once daily.
- D. Offer small amounts of clear liquids 6 hr following surgery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer analgesics on a scheduled basis for the first 24 hr. Postoperative pain management is crucial for a child recovering from surgery. By administering analgesics on a scheduled basis, the nurse ensures that the child's pain is effectively managed, promoting comfort and facilitating recovery. Cromolyn nebulized solution (choice A) is not indicated for pain management post-appendectomy. Applying a warm compress once daily (choice C) may not provide adequate pain relief. Offering small amounts of clear liquids 6 hr following surgery (choice D) is important for hydration but does not address pain management directly in the immediate postoperative period.
A six-year-old is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Preoperative teaching should be:
- A. Directed to the parents because the patient is too young to understand
- B. Detailed regarding the actual procedure so the patient will know what to expect
- C. Completed several days prior to the procedure so the patient will be prepared
- D. Adapted to the patient's development level
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preoperative teaching for a six-year-old undergoing cardiac catheterization should be adapted to the patient's development level. This is crucial as it ensures the information is communicated in a way that the child can comprehend and reduces anxiety. Providing information at the appropriate developmental stage helps the child feel more prepared and less fearful. Choice A is incorrect as children as young as six can understand basic concepts with appropriate communication techniques. Choice B may overwhelm the child with unnecessary details. Choice C is incorrect because waiting too long to provide information may increase anxiety.
The nurse is caring for a preschool age child who just received chemotherapy. The child's mother asks the nurse when it is safe for the child to attend his cousin's birthday party. Which is the correct response:
- A. The best time to attend the party is 7 to 10 days from now.
- B. Any time is a good time, especially if it makes him happy.
- C. About three weeks from today would be the safest time for him to attend a party.
- D. He may need to wait until he's completely finished with chemotherapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: About three weeks from today would be the safest time for him to attend a party. This answer is correct because chemotherapy can weaken the child's immune system, making him more susceptible to infections. Attending a party with a large number of people increases the risk of exposure to germs. Waiting for about three weeks allows the child's immune system to recover to a safer level before being exposed to a potentially infectious environment.
Choice A is incorrect because 7 to 10 days may not provide enough time for the child's immune system to recover adequately. Choice B is incorrect as it disregards the child's health and safety by prioritizing immediate happiness over well-being. Choice D is incorrect as it may be too restrictive; attending a party may be possible before completing chemotherapy if the child's immune system has recovered sufficiently.
The nurse understands that the pathophysiology of a thermal injury includes (Select All that Apply):
- A. Hematuria
- B. Edema
- C. Hypovolemia
- D. Anemia
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: The correct answers are B: Edema and C: Hypovolemia. Edema occurs due to increased capillary permeability after a thermal injury, leading to fluid leakage into tissues. Hypovolemia results from fluid shift out of the blood vessels into the injured tissues, causing decreased blood volume. Hematuria (A) is not typically associated with thermal injuries. Anemia (D) is a decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin, not a direct result of thermal injury.