Nokea
The nurse understands that which characteristics are of anthrax? Select all that apply.
- A. Cutaneous lesions become a black eschar and flu-like symptoms are a sign of pulmonary anthrax
- B. Cutaneous lesions become a black eschar
- C. Gastrointestinal anthrax causes blood anthrax
- D. Flu-like symptoms are a sign of pulmonary anthrax
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct characteristics of anthrax are that cutaneous anthrax causes black eschar lesions, and flu-like symptoms are typical of pulmonary anthrax. Choice B is incorrect because it only includes information about cutaneous anthrax lesions but doesn't cover the flu-like symptoms of pulmonary anthrax. Choice C is incorrect as gastrointestinal anthrax does not cause 'blood anthrax,' it causes symptoms like severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Choice D is incorrect as flu-like symptoms are associated with pulmonary anthrax, not with gastrointestinal anthrax.
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Which potential complication should the nurse assess for in the client with infective endocarditis who has embolization of vegetative lesions from the mitral valve?
- A. Pulmonary embolism
- B. Decreased urine output
- C. Hemoptysis
- D. Deep vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Decreased urine output.' Embolization of vegetative lesions from the mitral valve can cause renal infarction, leading to a decrease in urine output. This complication is due to the obstruction of blood flow to the kidneys. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because embolization from the mitral valve typically does not directly cause pulmonary embolism, hemoptysis, or deep vein thrombosis.
In which situation(s) can personal health information be disclosed?
- A. Compliance with legal proceedings
- B. For research purposes in limited circumstances
- C. To a family member or significant other in an emergency
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Personal health information can be disclosed in various situations. Compliance with legal proceedings allows for disclosure under specific legal requirements. Disclosure for research purposes is permitted in limited circumstances with appropriate approvals. In emergencies, information can be shared with family members or significant others. Therefore, all of the choices are correct as they represent valid scenarios for disclosing personal health information.
The use of the antibiotic neomycin may decrease the absorption of:
- A. Iron, copper, and zinc
- B. Protein and amino acids
- C. Fat-soluble vitamins
- D. Water-soluble vitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Neomycin can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, and K. Choice A is incorrect because neomycin does not affect the absorption of iron, copper, and zinc. Choice B is incorrect as neomycin does not impact the absorption of protein and amino acids. Choice D is also incorrect as neomycin does not decrease the absorption of water-soluble vitamins like vitamin C and the B vitamins.
During synchronized cardioversion on a client in atrial fibrillation, when the machine is activated, and there is a pause, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Wait until the machine discharges
- B. Shout "all clear" and don't touch the bed
- C. Make sure the client is all right
- D. Increase the joules and re-discharge
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when there is a pause after the machine is activated during synchronized cardioversion is to shout "all clear" and ensure that no one is touching the client or the bed to prevent them from being shocked. This step is crucial for the safety of everyone present during the procedure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because waiting without confirming safety, focusing on the client's condition only, or increasing joules without safety precautions can lead to potential harm or injury.
What is the best way to manage a patient's intake of dietary fiber?
- A. Increase intake gradually
- B. Increase intake suddenly
- C. Decrease intake abruptly
- D. Maintain a high intake
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best way to manage a patient's intake of dietary fiber is to increase it gradually. This approach helps prevent gastrointestinal discomfort that may arise from a sudden increase in fiber intake. Choice B is incorrect because increasing intake suddenly can lead to digestive issues. Choice C is incorrect as decreasing fiber intake abruptly may not be necessary and can impact overall health. Choice D is incorrect as maintaining a high intake without considering the patient's current intake level can also cause digestive problems.