Nokea
A newborn is admitted to the nursery with a complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. The mother refuses to see or hold her infant. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Restate what the physician has told her about plastic surgery
- B. Suggest holding her baby without making eye contact
- C. Encourage and allow the mother to express her feelings
- D. Recognize and allow the mother to express her feelings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this situation, the priority is to acknowledge and validate the mother's feelings, creating a supportive environment for her. Option D is correct as it focuses on recognizing and allowing the mother to express her emotions. This approach can help build trust and facilitate communication. Options A and B are incorrect as they do not address the mother's emotional needs and may come across as dismissive. Option C is less appropriate as it only encourages expression without explicitly recognizing the mother's current emotional state.
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The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed, as-needed antiemetic drug for a child diagnosed with cancer. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Administering the drug only if the child is nauseated.
- B. Administering the drug prophylactically before the next dose of chemotherapy.
- C. Administering the drug after the next dose of chemotherapy.
- D. Administering the drug only if the child is experiencing diarrhea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering the antiemetic prophylactically before the next dose of chemotherapy is the most appropriate action. This approach helps prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. Waiting until the child is already nauseated, as stated in option A, is less effective as it is reactive rather than proactive. Administering the drug after chemotherapy, as in option C, may not be as beneficial in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Option D, administering the drug only if the child is experiencing diarrhea, is not relevant to the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea.
Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?
- A. Codeine sulfate (Codeine)
- B. Morphine (Roxanol)
- C. Methadone (Dolophine)
- D. Meperidine (Demerol)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
What is the priority assessment for a nurse when caring for an infant suspected of having necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)?
- A. Hold feedings.
- B. Check gastric residuals before feedings.
- C. Take rectal temperature.
- D. Closely monitor abdominal distention.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Closely monitor abdominal distention. Monitoring the abdomen for signs of distention is crucial in the early detection of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In NEC, the bowel wall is edematous and breaking down, leading to abdominal distention. Holding feedings is important in the management of NEC, as feedings may need to be stopped temporarily. Checking gastric residuals before feedings helps in assessing the infant's tolerance to feedings. Taking rectal temperatures is contraindicated in NEC as it can lead to the perforation of the bowel.
According to Piaget, which principle supports a nine-year-old child's understanding that an arm will look the same when the IV is removed?
- A. The principle of conservation
- B. The principle of transductive reasoning
- C. The principle of identity
- D. The principle of reflex abilities
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, the principle of conservation. Piaget's principle of conservation relates to a child's ability to understand that certain properties of objects remain unchanged despite modifications in their appearance. In this case, the child's understanding that an arm will look the same after the IV is removed demonstrates conservation of appearance. Choice B, transductive reasoning, involves making faulty generalizations based on specific instances and does not apply in this context. Choice C, the principle of identity, pertains to recognizing objects as the same even if they undergo transformations, which is not directly relevant to the scenario. Choice D, reflex abilities, refers to automatic responses to stimuli and is unrelated to the child's understanding of the arm's appearance post-IV removal.
The nurse's approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid should be based on which principle?
- A. The child may think the equipment is alive.
- B. Explaining the equipment will only increase the child's fear
- C. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the child's fear
- D. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.