Nokea
The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-school program about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among children
- B. Immunization rates are the same among children of different races and ethnicity
- C. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of fluoridated water
- D. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school-age children but may be diagnosed in adolescents
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem in children, with significant implications for long-term health, including the risk of developing chronic diseases.
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What problem is most often associated with myelomeningocele?
- A. Biliary atresia
- B. Hydrocephalus
- C. Craniostenosis
- D. Tracheoesophageal fistula
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrocephalus is the most commonly associated problem with myelomeningocele, present in 80% to 90% of affected children. Biliary atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula are not typically associated with myelomeningocele. Craniostenosis refers to the premature closing of cranial sutures and is not a common issue seen with myelomeningocele.
The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child has the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
- A. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life
- B. Male, high activity level, stressful home life
- C. Male, even-tempered, history of previous injuries
- D. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A male child with a high activity level and a stressful home life has multiple risk factors for childhood injuries, requiring closer supervision and preventive measures.
What information does the nurse include when teaching parents about nonpharmacologic strategies for pain management in children?
- A. May reduce pain perception.
- B. Make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary.
- C. Usually take too long to implement.
- D. Trick children into believing they do not have pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'May reduce pain perception.' When teaching parents about nonpharmacologic strategies for pain management in children, the nurse should include information that these techniques may help reduce pain perception, make the pain more tolerable, decrease anxiety, and enhance the effectiveness of analgesics. It is important to note that nonpharmacologic techniques should be learned before the pain occurs, and it is beneficial to use both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures for pain control. Choice B is incorrect because nonpharmacologic strategies do not make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary but rather complement them. Choice C is incorrect as nonpharmacologic techniques, when properly learned and applied, do not usually take too long to implement. Choice D is incorrect as the goal of nonpharmacologic strategies is not to trick children into believing they do not have pain, but to help them cope with and manage their pain effectively.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent hospitalized for asthma. The adolescent belongs to a large family. The nurse recognizes that the adolescent is likely to relate to which group?
- A. Peers
- B. Parents
- C. Siblings
- D. Teachers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adolescents typically identify and relate more closely to their peer group, especially during the teenage years when peer relationships become a central focus.
Physiological anorexia in toddlerhood occurs because of:
- A. Decreased appetite and decreased nutritional need
- B. Decreased appetite and increased nutritional need
- C. Increased appetite and lack of food preferences
- D. Increased appetite and strong food preferences
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Physiological anorexia in toddlers occurs due to a decreased appetite as growth rates slow down. Choice A is correct because it aligns with the concept that toddlers experience a natural decrease in appetite as their growth rate decreases. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest increased appetite or other factors not associated with physiological anorexia in toddlerhood.