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Using knowledge of child development, what approach is best when preparing a toddler for a procedure?
- A. Avoid asking the child to make choices.
- B. Plan for a teaching session to last about 20 minutes.
- C. Demonstrate on a doll how the procedure will be done.
- D. Show the necessary equipment without allowing child to handle it.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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The nurse is preparing a 9-year-old boy before obtaining a blood specimen by venipuncture. The child tells the nurse he does not want to lose his blood. What approach is best by the nurse?
- A. Explain that it will not be painful.
- B. Suggest to him that he not worry about losing just a little bit of blood.
- C. Discuss with him how his body is always in the process of making blood.
- D. Tell the child that he will not even need a Band-Aid afterward because it is a simple procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse is admitting a child with severe isotonic dehydration. Which intravenous fluid should the nurse anticipate the doctor to order initially to replace fluids?
- A. 0.9% normal saline
- B. D5 0.2% (1/4) normal saline
- C. D5W
- D. Albumin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of severe isotonic dehydration, the initial fluid of choice is 0.9% normal saline. This solution is preferred because it helps to restore both fluids and electrolytes effectively. Options B, C, and D are not suitable for the initial management of severe isotonic dehydration. D5 0.2% (1/4) normal saline (Choice B) is a hypotonic solution and might worsen the imbalance. D5W (Choice C) is a hypotonic solution that does not contain electrolytes essential for rehydration. Albumin (Choice D) is a colloid solution used for specific indications like hypoproteinemia or hypoalbuminemia, not for initial rehydration in severe dehydration.
In what condition should the nurse be alert for altered fluid requirements in children? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Oliguric renal failure
- B. Increased intracranial pressure
- C. Mechanical ventilation
- D. All above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
An awake, alert 4-year-old child has just arrived at the emergency department after an ingestion of aspirin at home. The practitioner has ordered activated charcoal. The nurse administers charcoal in which manner?
- A. Giving half of the solution and then repeating the other half in 1 hour
- B. Mixing with a flavorful beverage in an opaque container with a straw
- C. Serving it in a clear plastic cup so the child can see how much has been drunk
- D. Administering it through a nasogastric tube because the child will not drink it because of the taste
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Physiologically, the child compensates for fluid volume losses by which mechanism?
- A. Inhibition of aldosterone secretion
- B. Hemoconcentration to reduce cardiac workload
- C. Fluid shift from interstitial space to intravascular space
- D. Vasodilation of peripheral arterioles to increase perfusion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.