Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers related questions and content

Which heart chamber ejects blood into the lungs via the pulmonary artery?

  • A. Right atrium
  • B. Left atrium
  • C. Right ventricle
  • D. Left ventricle
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the right ventricle. The right ventricle is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery for oxygenation. This process occurs during the pulmonary circulation phase of the cardiac cycle. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it into the right ventricle. The right ventricle then contracts to push the blood through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs, which is then pumped into the left ventricle for distribution to the rest of the body. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly involve the ejection of blood into the lungs via the pulmonary artery.

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When reviewing a patient's four-week diet history, the cardiac-vascular nurse identifies a pattern of high-calorie intake on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday nights. The patient states that their spouse recently started taking a night class on those evenings at a local university. The patient's diet history indicates:

  • A. a disabling family coping behavior.
  • B. a lack of dietary instruction.
  • C. a need for cooking classes.
  • D. an individual coping behavior.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The eating pattern appears to be an individual coping behavior related to the spouse's absence.

Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body?

  • A. Left atrium
  • B. Right atrium
  • C. Left ventricle
  • D. Right ventricle
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the left ventricle. The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the left atrium and pumps it to the rest of the body via the aorta. This chamber has thicker muscular walls compared to the right ventricle to generate enough force to propel blood throughout the body. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs but does not pump blood out to the body. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the right ventricle, which then pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the function of the heart chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body.

What procedure uses a catheter to open blocked coronary arteries and improve blood flow to the heart muscle?

  • A. Angioplasty
  • B. Stent placement
  • C. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
  • D. Valve replacement
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Angioplasty. Angioplasty involves using a catheter with a balloon to open blocked coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle. The balloon is inflated to compress the plaque against the artery walls, restoring blood flow. Stent placement (B) involves inserting a mesh tube to keep the artery open after angioplasty. CABG (C) is a surgical procedure that uses grafts to bypass blocked coronary arteries. Valve replacement (D) is a procedure to replace damaged heart valves, not specifically for opening blocked coronary arteries.

You are the charge nurse for the coronary care step-down unit. Which patient is best to assign to an RN who has floated for the day from the general medical-surgical unit?

  • A. Patient requiring discharge teaching about coronary artery stenting prior to going home with spouse today.
  • B. Patient receiving IV furosemide (Lasix) to treat acute left ventricular failure.
  • C. Patient just transferred from the radiology department after a coronary angioplasty.
  • D. Patient just admitted with unstable angina and who has orders for a heparin infusion and aspirin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Discharge teaching is less complex and allows the floating RN to focus on educating without needing extensive cardiac experience.

If Dr. Baker complains of loss of appetite and nausea after starting chlorothiazide, it would be important to

  • A. check her digitalis and potassium levels
  • B. obtain a urine specimen
  • C. get an electrocardiogram immediately
  • D. reassure her that since her blood pressure is normal these symptoms are to be expected
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Chlorothiazide can affect electrolyte balance, requiring monitoring.

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