Nokea
What kind of error does the following sentence contain? Some workers use all their sick leave, other workers cash out their leave.
- A. Parallelism
- B. Comma splice
- C. Sentence fragment
- D. Subject-verb agreement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Comma splice. A comma splice is present in the sentence, where two independent clauses are incorrectly joined by a comma. In this case, 'Some workers use all their sick leave' and 'other workers cash out their leave' are two independent clauses that should be separated by a conjunction or a stronger punctuation mark like a semicolon or period. Choice A, parallelism, is incorrect because the error in the sentence is not related to maintaining parallel structure. Choice C, sentence fragment, is incorrect as the sentence contains two independent clauses, not fragments. Choice D, subject-verb agreement, is also incorrect as the error in the sentence does not involve agreement between subjects and verbs.
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Which of the following is an appropriately-punctuated correction for this sentence: Protestors filled the streets of the city because they were dissatisfied with the government's leadership?
- A. Protestors filled the streets of the city, because they were dissatisfied with the government's leadership.
- B. Protesters, filled the streets of the city, because they were dissatisfied with the government's leadership.
- C. Because they were dissatisfied with the government's leadership protestors filled the streets of the city.
- D. Protestors filled the streets of the city because they were dissatisfied with the government's leadership.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The sentence should be corrected by removing the period and joining the clauses to avoid a sentence fragment. Choice A is incorrect due to the unnecessary comma after 'city.' Choice B is incorrect as it mistakenly separates the subject and verb with a comma. Choice C is incorrect as it begins with the subordinate clause, disrupting the logical flow of the sentence.
What kind of error does the following sentence contain? Forgetting that he was supposed to meet his girlfriend for dinner, Anita was mad when Fred showed up late.
- A. Parallelism
- B. Run-on sentence
- C. Misplaced modifier
- D. Subject-verb agreement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, misplaced modifier. In this sentence, the modifier 'Forgetting that he was supposed to meet his girlfriend for dinner' is placed incorrectly, suggesting that Anita forgot, when it was actually Fred who forgot. The modifier should be positioned closer to 'Fred' to clarify the intended meaning. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Parallelism is not an issue in this sentence, it is not a run-on sentence as it is grammatically correct, and there is no subject-verb agreement error present.
What is the part of speech of the word 'fresh' in the sentence: 'We need to come up with a fresh approach to this problem'?
- A. Noun
- B. Verb
- C. Adverb
- D. Adjective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The word 'fresh' is an adjective in this sentence. Adjectives modify or describe nouns, and in this case, 'fresh' describes the noun 'approach.' A noun refers to a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., 'apple'). A verb is a word that expresses action or state of being (e.g., 'run'). An adverb usually modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by providing more information about how, when, where, or to what extent something is done (e.g., 'quickly'). In this sentence, 'fresh' is not a noun, verb, or adverb, making 'adjective' the correct choice.
What kind of error is present in the following sentence? This summer, I'm planning to travel to Italy, take a Mediterranean cruise, go to Pompeii, and eat a lot of Italian food.
- A. Parallelism
- B. Sentence fragment
- C. Misplaced modifier
- D. Subject-verb agreement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, parallelism. The sentence contains a parallelism error because the verbs in the list are not in the same grammatical form. In a parallel structure, all items in a list should be formatted consistently. In this case, 'take a Mediterranean cruise' and 'going to Pompeii' are not parallel. 'Go to Pompeii' should be corrected to 'visit Pompeii' to maintain parallelism. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the sentence is a complete sentence, does not have any misplaced modifiers, and does not involve subject-verb agreement errors.
What is the structure of the following sentence? The restaurant is unconventional because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza.
- A. Simple
- B. Compound
- C. Complex
- D. Compound-complex
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sentence is classified as complex because it contains one independent clause 'The restaurant is unconventional' and one dependent clause 'because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza.' A simple sentence consists of just one independent clause, a compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses, and a compound-complex sentence has at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. In this sentence, the dependent clause 'because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza' cannot stand alone as a complete sentence, making it a complex sentence structure.