Nokea
Which of the following tests is used to assess fetal lung maturity?
- A. Non-stress test
- B. Biophysical profile
- C. Amniocentesis
- D. Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio. This test is used to assess fetal lung maturity by measuring the ratio of two substances found in the amniotic fluid. An L/S ratio greater than 2:1 is indicative of mature fetal lungs. This test is crucial in determining if a baby can breathe adequately after birth. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Non-stress test monitors fetal heart rate and movements, B) Biophysical profile assesses fetal well-being, and C) Amniocentesis is a procedure to collect amniotic fluid for genetic testing.
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A nurse is assessing a newborn who is 16 hr old. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Substernal retractions
- B. Acrocyanosis
- C. Overlapping suture lines
- D. Head circumference 33 cm (13 in)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Substernal retractions. Substernal retractions in a newborn indicate respiratory distress and can be a sign of underlying respiratory issues such as respiratory distress syndrome. The nurse should report this finding to the provider immediately for further evaluation and intervention to ensure the newborn's respiratory status is stable. Acrocyanosis (choice B) is a common finding in newborns and is not typically concerning. Overlapping suture lines (choice C) can be a normal variation in newborn skull anatomy. The head circumference of 33 cm (13 in) (choice D) is within the normal range for a newborn and would not require immediate reporting.
Which of the following is a potential complication of neonatal hypocalcemia?
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Hypotension
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neonatal hypocalcemia can lead to hypotension due to low calcium levels.
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a 16-year-old adolescent. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Abdominal assessment
- B. Vaginal discharge
- C. Heart rate
- D. Temperature
- E. Dyspareunia
- F. Condom usage
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Rationale: The correct findings to report to the provider are A, B, D, E, and F. Abdominal assessment (A) is important to assess for any underlying issues. Vaginal discharge (B) could indicate infection. Temperature (D) may suggest infection or illness. Dyspareunia (E) could indicate underlying gynecological issues. Condom usage (F) is important for assessing sexual activity and risk. Heart rate (C) is a normal vital sign and doesn't necessarily require immediate reporting.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is in labor and is to have an amniotomy. Which of the following assessments should the nurse identify as the priority?
- A. O2 saturation.
- B. Temperature.
- C. Blood pressure.
- D. Urinary output.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Temperature is a priority assessment after an amniotomy, as it can indicate the onset of infection, such as chorioamnionitis.
What is the primary ethical principle guiding nursing practice in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Non-maleficence
- C. Beneficence
- D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beneficence. In maternal and newborn healthcare, beneficence is the primary ethical principle guiding nursing practice. This principle emphasizes the nurse's duty to promote the well-being and best interests of both the mother and the newborn. Nurses must act in a way that benefits their patients and ensures their safety and health. Autonomy (A) focuses on respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions, which is important but not the primary principle in this context. Non-maleficence (B) involves avoiding harm, which is essential but not the primary guiding principle here. Justice (D) pertains to fairness in healthcare access and resource allocation, which is also crucial but not the primary ethical principle for maternal and newborn healthcare.