Nokea
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
- A. To produce blood cells
- B. To protect organs
- C. To store fat
- D. To secrete hormones
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary function of the skeletal system is to protect vital organs, provide structural support, and enable movement. It serves as a framework that supports and protects internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. Choice A is incorrect because blood cell production primarily occurs in the bone marrow, a component of the skeletal system but not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because fat storage is not a primary function of the skeletal system. Choice D is incorrect because hormone secretion is mainly regulated by endocrine glands, not the skeletal system.
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Which hormone is released by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels?
- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. Cortisol
- D. Somatostatin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin is the hormone released by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels. Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells, helping to decrease blood glucose levels and store excess glucose for energy or future use. Glucagon, on the other hand, raises blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Cortisol and somatostatin do not directly regulate blood glucose levels in the same manner as insulin and glucagon.
Which vitamin is important for vision?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin A. Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining healthy vision, particularly in low-light conditions. It plays a key role in the health of the retina and is necessary for the proper functioning of the eye. Deficiency in Vitamin A can lead to night blindness and other vision problems. Vitamin C is important for the immune system and skin health, not specifically for vision. Vitamin D is essential for bone health and overall well-being, but it is not directly related to vision. Vitamin K is important for blood clotting, but it is not specifically linked to vision.
Which type of blood cell is involved in clotting?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. White blood cells
- C. Platelets
- D. Plasma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are cell fragments that play a crucial role in blood clotting and wound healing. They are responsible for forming blood clots to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is injured, making them the correct choice in this context. Red blood cells (Choice A) are primarily involved in oxygen transport, white blood cells (Choice B) are part of the immune system, and plasma (Choice D) is the liquid component of blood that carries various substances.
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone?
- A. Femur
- B. Hyoid
- C. Radius
- D. Scapula
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The hyoid bone is the correct answer as it is the only bone in the human body that does not articulate with any other bone. Instead, it is suspended in the neck by ligaments and muscles, providing support for the tongue and serving as an attachment point for various throat and tongue muscles. The femur (Choice A), radius (Choice C), and scapula (Choice D) all articulate with other bones in the body at various joints, making them incorrect answers for this question.
What is the function of the kidneys in the urinary system?
- A. To filter blood and remove waste
- B. To produce red blood cells
- C. To regulate blood pressure
- D. To absorb water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'To filter blood and remove waste.' The kidneys play a crucial role in the urinary system by filtering blood to remove waste products and excess fluids, which are then excreted as urine. This process helps maintain the body's internal balance by regulating electrolyte levels and controlling blood pressure. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the kidneys do not produce red blood cells (bone marrow does), regulate blood pressure directly (although they indirectly influence it through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system), or absorb water (they regulate water balance but do not absorb water).