HESI A2 Biology Practice Test 2024

HESI A2 Biology Practice Test 2024 Related

Review HESI A2 Biology Practice Test 2024 related questions and content

What is the most important component of the cell, contributing to protection, communication, and the passage of substances?

  • A. Cytoplasm
  • B. Cell Membrane
  • C. Cytoskeleton
  • D. Vacuole
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The cell membrane is the correct answer. It is the most important component of the cell as it provides protection, facilitates communication, and regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell. The cytoplasm (Choice A) is the gel-like substance within the cell that holds organelles, but it is not primarily responsible for the functions mentioned in the question. The cytoskeleton (Choice C) provides structural support to the cell but is not directly involved in protection, communication, or substance passage. Vacuoles (Choice D) are responsible for storage and maintaining turgor pressure but do not play a primary role in the functions specified in the question.

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What is DNA made of?

  • A. Proteins
  • B. Nucleotides
  • C. Lipids
  • D. Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: DNA is made up of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of genetic material. Choice A (Proteins) is incorrect because while proteins play a crucial role in the body, they are not the building blocks of DNA. Choice C (Lipids) and Choice D (Carbohydrates) are also incorrect as they are not the primary components of DNA.

What propels the cell forward?

  • A. Microfilaments
  • B. Propulsion
  • C. Cilia
  • D. Flagella
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Propulsion, not microfilaments, cilia, or flagella, is what drives the cell forward. Propulsion is the force or process that propels the cell forward and allows it to move within its environment. Microfilaments are involved in cell structure, cilia are small hair-like structures for movement, and flagella are tail-like structures used for cell propulsion in some organisms.

What type of transport moves substances across the cell membrane using energy?

  • A. Passive Transport
  • B. Active Transport
  • C. Facilitated Diffusion
  • D. Osmosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Active Transport. Active transport moves substances across the cell membrane by utilizing energy from the cell, typically in the form of ATP. This process allows the cell to move molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy expenditure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because passive transport does not require energy input, facilitated diffusion involves the assistance of proteins but does not directly use energy, and osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules specifically, not substances, across a selectively permeable membrane.

What is the fundamental unit of life?

  • A. Atom
  • B. Cell
  • C. Tissue
  • D. Organ
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Cell.' Cells are indeed the fundamental unit of life as they are responsible for all living functions, including growth, reproduction, and maintaining homeostasis. While atoms are the basic building blocks of matter, cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of living organisms. Choices C and D, tissue and organ respectively, are composed of multiple cells working together and are not considered the basic unit of life.

Where is the site of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

  • A. Nucleus
  • B. Chloroplasts
  • C. Mitochondria
  • D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mitochondria. Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells. During cellular respiration, mitochondria generate energy in the form of ATP. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The nucleus is the organelle that houses the cell's genetic material, chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells, and ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, not cellular respiration.

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