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What is the relationship between the speed of a wave, its frequency, and wavelength in a given medium?
- A. Speed = Frequency Wavelength
- B. Speed = Frequency · Wavelength
- C. Speed = Frequency + Wavelength
- D. Speed = Frequency - Wavelength
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The speed of a wave in a given medium is determined by the product of its frequency and wavelength. This relationship is described by the formula: Speed = Frequency Wavelength. When a wave travels through a medium, the speed at which it propagates is directly proportional to both its frequency and wavelength. Therefore, to calculate the speed of the wave, you multiply the frequency of the wave by its wavelength. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because speed is not determined by division, addition, or subtraction of frequency and wavelength; instead, it is determined by their multiplication in the given medium.
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The van't Hoff factor (i) accounts for the number of particles a solute dissociates into in solution. For a compound that dissociates completely in water, i would be...
- B. Less than 1
- C. 1
- D. More than 1
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The van't Hoff factor (i) represents the number of particles a solute dissociates into in solution. For a compound that dissociates completely in water, i would be more than 1 because it breaks apart into more particles than the original compound. This is due to complete dissociation leading to an increase in the number of particles in solution, resulting in i being greater than 1. Choice A is incorrect as a compound that dissociates completely will not have an i value of 0. Choice B is incorrect because when a compound dissociates completely, the van't Hoff factor is not less than 1. Choice C is incorrect as a compound that dissociates completely will not have an i value of 1, but rather more than 1 due to the increased number of particles in solution.
Which of the following structures in the male reproductive system produces the fluid that carries sperm?
- A. Testes
- B. Scrotum
- C. Prostate gland
- D. Seminal vesicles
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system are responsible for producing the fluid that carries sperm. These glands contribute a significant portion of the semen's volume, providing nutrients and protection for the sperm, which helps in their motility and survival. The testes are responsible for producing sperm cells, not the fluid that carries them. The scrotum is the external sac that holds the testes and helps regulate their temperature but does not produce the fluid. The prostate gland produces a milky fluid that helps nourish and protect sperm but is not the main structure responsible for producing the fluid that carries sperm.
What is the definition of work in physics?
- A. Force applied to an object at rest
- B. Force exerted by an object in motion
- C. Transfer of energy through motion along a direction
- D. Measure of an object's potential energy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In physics, work is defined as the transfer of energy through motion along a direction. When a force is applied to an object, and the object moves in the direction of the force, work is done on the object. The work done is calculated as the force applied multiplied by the distance the object moves in the direction of the force. Choices A and B do not fully capture the essence of work, as work is about energy transfer through motion, not merely applying force to objects at rest or in motion. Choice D is incorrect as work is not a measure of an object's potential energy; rather, it is the transfer of energy through motion.
What condition is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting?
- A. Muscular dystrophy
- B. Myositis
- C. Fibromyalgia
- D. Carpal tunnel syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting due to mutations in genes responsible for muscle cells' structure and function. Myositis is an inflammatory muscle disease, fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition, and carpal tunnel syndrome affects the hand and arm nerves, but none present with the progressive muscle weakness and wasting seen in muscular dystrophy.
Which of the following organs is NOT directly involved in urine production?
- A. Kidneys
- B. Urethra
- C. Lungs
- D. Bladder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Urethra. The urethra is not directly involved in urine production. It is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste and excess substances from the blood to produce urine. The bladder stores urine until it is expelled from the body. The lungs are not involved in urine production; they are responsible for gas exchange during respiration. Choice A, Kidneys, is directly involved in urine production by filtering the blood to form urine. Choice C, Lungs, plays a role in respiration and oxygen exchange but is not directly involved in urine production. Choice D, Bladder, stores urine before it is excreted from the body and is directly involved in the final stages of urine elimination, unlike the urethra.