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A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. The nurse should educate the patient to avoid which of the following triggers?
- A. Exercise-induced asthma.
- B. Cold, dry air.
- C. Caffeine.
- D. Environmental allergens.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cold, dry air. Cold, dry air is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations, as it can irritate the airways and lead to bronchoconstriction. This trigger can worsen asthma symptoms and increase the risk of an asthma attack. Educating the patient to avoid cold, dry air can help prevent asthma flare-ups.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Exercise-induced asthma is triggered by physical activity but can be managed with proper warm-up and medication. It is not typically something to avoid altogether.
C: Caffeine is a mild bronchodilator and can actually help alleviate asthma symptoms in some cases.
D: Environmental allergens can trigger asthma in some individuals, but they vary from person to person, so avoidance strategies would depend on specific allergens identified through testing.
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During an interview, a woman says, "I just know labour will be so painful that I won't be able to stand it. I know it sounds awful, but I really dread going into labour." The nurse responds by stating, "Oh, don't worry about labour so much. I have been through it myself, and yes, it is painful, but there are many good medications to decrease the pain." Which of the following statements about this response is true?
- A. It was a therapeutic response. By sharing something personal, the nurse gives hope to this woman.
- B. It was a nontherapeutic response. The nurse responded in a way that downplayed the patient's concerns and shut down the conversation.
- C. It was a therapeutic response. By providing information about the medications available, the nurse is giving reassurance to the woman.
- D. It was a nontherapeutic response. The nurse's statement minimized the patient's anxiety and did not address her concerns.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It was a nontherapeutic response. The nurse responded in a way that downplayed the patient's concerns and shut down the conversation.
Rationale:
1. The nurse's response of dismissing the woman's fear and immediately shifting the focus to medication options invalidates the woman's feelings.
2. By sharing her own experience without acknowledging the woman's emotions, the nurse fails to provide genuine support.
3. The response lacks empathy and fails to address the woman's emotional needs, thus hindering effective communication.
4. This type of response may discourage the woman from expressing her concerns openly in the future, leading to potential emotional distress.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect. Sharing personal experience alone does not make it therapeutic. In this context, it did not address the woman's emotional concerns effectively.
C: Incorrect. Providing information about medications, although helpful, does not address the woman's emotional distress and fears.
D: Incorrect. While the response did minimize the patient
A nurse is assessing a patient who is post-operative following abdominal surgery. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
- A. Administering pain medication as needed.
- B. Encouraging deep breathing and coughing exercises.
- C. Monitoring for signs of infection.
- D. Providing wound care and dressing changes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because deep breathing and coughing exercises help prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia after abdominal surgery. By promoting lung expansion and clearing secretions, these exercises enhance oxygenation and prevent respiratory issues. Administering pain medication (A) is important but not the priority. Monitoring for infection (C) and providing wound care (D) are also crucial but come after ensuring respiratory function.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just had a stroke. Which of the following should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Severe headache
- B. Dehydration
- C. Respiratory depression
- D. Sudden loss of vision
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory depression. After a stroke, the patient may experience impaired breathing due to neurological damage affecting the respiratory center in the brain. Monitoring for signs of respiratory depression, such as shallow breathing or decreased oxygen saturation, is crucial to prevent respiratory failure. Severe headache (A) may be a symptom of stroke but is not the highest priority for monitoring. Dehydration (B) is important to prevent but not typically a direct consequence of stroke. Sudden loss of vision (D) may occur with certain types of strokes but is not as critical to monitor as respiratory depression.
When a nurse is assessing a patient's pain level, which of the following questions would be most appropriate?
- A. "How would you rate your pain on a scale from 0 to 10?"
- B. "When did your pain start?"
- C. "What causes your pain?"
- D. "Do you need any medication for the pain?"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Asking the patient to rate pain on a scale of 0 to 10 is a standard pain assessment tool, allowing for quantification and tracking of pain intensity.
Step 2: This question helps in understanding the severity of pain objectively.
Step 3: It provides a baseline for further pain management interventions.
Step 4: Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly address assessing pain intensity or severity.
Summary: Option A is the most appropriate as it focuses on quantifying pain, which is crucial for effective pain management. Choices B, C, and D are not as relevant for assessing pain intensity.
Expecting that all Chinese persons believe in the hot"“cold theory of health and illness is an example of:
- A. critical cultural perspective.
- B. culturalism.
- C. ethnic practice.
- D. ethnicity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: culturalism. This is because culturalism refers to the belief that all members of a culture share the same beliefs or practices. Expecting all Chinese persons to believe in the hot-cold theory is an example of culturalism as it assumes a homogenous perspective within the Chinese culture.
A: A critical cultural perspective would involve questioning and analyzing cultural beliefs and practices rather than assuming they are universal.
C: Ethnic practice refers to specific customs or traditions within a particular ethnic group, not a general belief system like the hot-cold theory.
D: Ethnicity refers to one's cultural background or heritage, but it does not address the assumption of shared beliefs within a culture.