Nokea
A nurse is working with a care manager for a client who participates in a health maintenance organization. The nurse should identify that a health maintenance organization provides which of the following payment structures?
- A. The client is participating in a fee-for-service health care insurance program
- B. The provider is paid a fixed sum for the client on a monthly or yearly basis
- C. The client pays the insurer a percentage of the total costs for each service rendered by the provider
- D. The provider bills the client directly for a predetermined percentage of the cost of services
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a health maintenance organization (HMO), the provider is paid a fixed sum for the client on a monthly or yearly basis. This payment structure incentivizes providers to focus on preventive care and cost-effective treatments. This model aims to keep clients healthy and reduce unnecessary services.
A: Fee-for-service is not characteristic of an HMO.
C: This describes a cost-sharing model, not typical of an HMO.
D: Providers do not bill clients directly in an HMO.
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A community health nurse is providing screening for lipid disorders. Which of the following is the primary goal of this activity?
- A. Early detection of disease
- B. Client enrollment in prevention programs
- C. Promotion of appropriate lifestyle changes
- D. Identification of family history of medical problems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Early detection of disease. The primary goal of screening for lipid disorders is to identify individuals at risk for developing lipid disorders such as high cholesterol levels. Early detection allows for timely intervention and treatment to prevent complications like heart disease. Choice B is incorrect because enrollment in prevention programs is a secondary outcome of screening, not the primary goal. Choice C is also incorrect as promoting lifestyle changes is a part of the intervention phase, not the primary goal of screening. Choice D is incorrect as identifying family history is important but not the primary goal of screening for lipid disorders.
A community health nurse is educating a parent about the importance of hepatitis B immunization. Which of the following explanations should the nurse give the parent about the disease?
- A. One dose of the immunization gives children lifelong protection from hepatitis B
- B. Hepatitis B spreads easily among children through casual contact
- C. Many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis
- D. People who have had a hepatitis B infection still need the immunization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis. This explanation is important for the parent to understand the potential long-term consequences of hepatitis B infection. Acute hepatitis B can progress to chronic hepatitis in some cases, leading to liver damage and other complications. It highlights the seriousness of the disease and the importance of prevention through vaccination.
Choice A is incorrect because although hepatitis B vaccination provides long-lasting protection, it may not necessarily offer lifelong immunity. Choice B is incorrect as hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, not casual contact among children. Choice D is incorrect because prior infection does not confer complete immunity, so immunization is still recommended.
A nurse is providing teaching to a 50-year-old female client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should have a complete eye examination every 2 years until the age of 64
- B. You should have your hearing screened every 5 years
- C. You should have your stool tested for blood every other year until the age of 74
- D. You should have your fasting blood glucose level checked every 6 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - You should have a complete eye examination every 2 years until the age of 64.
Rationale: Regular eye exams help detect common eye conditions such as glaucoma and cataracts early, especially as people age. The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends eye exams every 2 years for adults aged 40-64. This statement is important for the client's eye health maintenance.
Summary of other choices:
B: Incorrect - Hearing screenings are typically recommended annually for adults over 50, not every 5 years.
C: Incorrect - Stool tests for blood are usually done every year, not every other year until the age of 74, to screen for colorectal cancer.
D: Incorrect - Fasting blood glucose levels should be checked more frequently, at least every 3 years, for early detection of diabetes.
A school nurse is implementing health screening. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize as the highest priority?
- A. A child who has a BMI of 18
- B. An adolescent who has scoliosis
- C. An adolescent who has psoriasis
- D. A child who has nits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: An adolescent who has scoliosis. Scoliosis is a spinal deformity that can progress and cause serious health issues if left untreated. The school nurse should prioritize this assessment finding to ensure early detection and appropriate interventions to prevent further complications. A: A child with a BMI of 18 may indicate underweight but is not as urgent as scoliosis. C: Psoriasis is a skin condition that may require management but is not immediately life-threatening. D: Nits (lice eggs) are a common issue but do not pose a significant health risk compared to scoliosis.
A public health nurse is responding to a suspected anthrax exposure at a workplace. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Alert the family members of coworkers about possible exposure to anthrax
- B. Place the employee under quarantine for 14 days
- C. Refer coworkers who might have been exposed to a provider for prophylactic antibiotics
- D. Instruct the client to wear a mask at work
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the public health nurse is to refer coworkers who might have been exposed to a provider for prophylactic antibiotics (Choice C). This is because prophylactic antibiotics can help prevent the development of anthrax infection after exposure. Alerting family members (Choice A) is unnecessary as the focus should be on the exposed individuals. Quarantine (Choice B) may not be necessary if the individuals receive prophylactic treatment. Instructing the client to wear a mask (Choice D) is not effective in preventing anthrax transmission.