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A patient has undergone diagnostic testing and has been diagnosed with otosclerosis? What ear structure is primarily affected by this diagnosis?
- A. Malleus
- B. Stapes
- C. Incus
- D. Tympanic membrane
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stapes. Otosclerosis is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, causing the stapes bone to become fixed in place. This results in hearing loss due to the inability of the stapes to transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear. The malleus (choice A), incus (choice C), and tympanic membrane (choice D) are not primarily affected by otosclerosis. The malleus and incus are located in the middle ear but are not typically affected by otosclerosis. The tympanic membrane is part of the outer ear and is not directly involved in otosclerosis.
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A clinic nurse is providing preprocedure education for a man who will undergo a vasectomy. Which of the following measures will enhance healing and comfort? Select all that apply.
- A. Abstaining from sexual intercourse for at least 14 days postprocedure
- B. Wearing a scrotal support garment
- C. Using sitz baths
- D. Applying a heating pad intermittently E) Staying on bed rest for 48 to 72 hours postprocedure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Abstaining from sexual intercourse for at least 14 days postprocedure. This is important to allow the surgical site to heal properly and reduce the risk of complications. Choice B, wearing a scrotal support garment, can provide comfort but does not directly enhance healing. Choice C, using sitz baths, may help with discomfort but may not specifically promote healing. Choice D, applying a heating pad intermittently, could potentially increase the risk of infection. Choice E, staying on bed rest for 48 to 72 hours postprocedure, is unnecessary and could lead to complications such as blood clots.
What is the priority nursing intervention for the patient who has had an incomplete abortion?
- A. Methylergonovine (Methergine), 0.2 mg IM
- B. Preoperative teaching for surgery
- C. Insertion of IV line for fluid replacement
- D. Positioning of patient in left side-lying position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the priority nursing intervention for a patient with incomplete abortion is to ensure adequate fluid replacement to prevent hypovolemic shock due to potential blood loss. Inserting an IV line allows for immediate administration of fluids and medications if necessary. Choice A (Methylergonovine) is used to manage postpartum hemorrhage, not incomplete abortion. Choice B (Preoperative teaching) and choice D (Positioning) are important but not the priority in this situation.
A nurse is using core measures to reduce healthdisparities. Which group should the nurse focus on to cause themost improvement in core measures?
- A. Caucasians
- B. Poor people
- C. Alaska Natives
- D. American Indians
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Poor people. Focusing on poor people is likely to cause the most improvement in core measures because individuals living in poverty often face multiple barriers to accessing healthcare and have higher rates of chronic conditions. By targeting this group, the nurse can address social determinants of health, improve healthcare access, and address disparities in healthcare outcomes. Other choices (A, C, D) are not as impactful as poverty is a significant factor influencing health disparities.
A nurse is assessing a patient who presented to the ED with priapism. The student nurse is aware that this condition is classified as a urologic emergency because of the potential for what?
- A. Urinary tract infection
- B. Chronic pain
- C. Permanent vascular damage
- D. Future erectile dysfunction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Permanent vascular damage. Priapism is a prolonged erection that can lead to ischemia and damage to the penile tissue due to impaired blood flow, potentially resulting in permanent vascular damage. Urinary tract infection (A) is unrelated to priapism. Chronic pain (B) may occur but is not the primary concern. Future erectile dysfunction (D) can result from priapism but is not as immediate or severe as permanent vascular damage. Therefore, C is the most critical consequence to address in priapism.
A 30-year-old patient has come to the clinic for her yearly examination. The patient asks the nurse about ovarian cancer. What should the nurse state when describing risk factors for ovarian cancer?
- A. Use of oral contraceptives increases the risk of ovarian cancer.
- B. Most cases of ovarian cancer are attributed to tobacco use.
- C. Most cases of ovarian cancer are considered to be random, with no obvious causation.
- D. The majority of women who get ovarian cancer have a family history of the disease.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse should inform the patient that most cases of ovarian cancer are considered to be random, with no obvious causation. This is the correct answer because the exact cause of ovarian cancer is not well understood, and the majority of cases are not linked to specific risk factors.
Step 2: Choice A is incorrect because the use of oral contraceptives actually decreases the risk of ovarian cancer.
Step 3: Choice B is incorrect because tobacco use is not a major risk factor for ovarian cancer. It is primarily associated with lung and other types of cancer.
Step 4: Choice D is incorrect because while a family history of ovarian cancer can increase the risk, the majority of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer do not have a family history of the disease.