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A nursing instructor is preparing a class discussion on the topic of self-determinism. Which of the following would the instructor expect to include? Select all that apply.
- A. Personal autonomy as a key value
- B. Choices based on pleasing others
- C. Activities reflect personal goals
- D. Right to refuse treatment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Personal autonomy as a key value. Personal autonomy is a fundamental aspect of self-determinism, giving individuals the freedom to make their own choices. This aligns with the concept of self-determinism, where individuals have the right to act in accordance with their own values and goals. Choices based on pleasing others (B) contradict self-determinism as they prioritize external influences over personal autonomy. Activities reflecting personal goals (C) are more in line with self-determinism, but they do not encompass the broader concept of personal autonomy. The right to refuse treatment (D) is an important aspect of autonomy but is specific to healthcare decisions, not the comprehensive concept of self-determinism.
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A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on developing cultural competence. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do?
- A. Research information about the cultures of the population being served after assessing the patients.
- B. Recognize that one’s own culture is the predominant way of addressing a patient’s health care needs. 11
- C. Assume that any individual of a racial or ethnic group is the same as another individual in that group.
- D. Demonstrate an appreciation of and a genuine interest in the individual and his or her cultural beliefs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Developing cultural competence involves understanding and respecting the cultural beliefs of individuals.
Step 2: Choice D aligns with this by emphasizing appreciation and genuine interest in the individual's cultural beliefs.
Step 3: By demonstrating appreciation and interest, the nurse can build trust and rapport with the patient.
Step 4: This approach promotes culturally sensitive care and patient-centered practice.
Step 5: Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not prioritize understanding individual cultural beliefs and may lead to stereotyping, ethnocentrism, or lack of respect for diversity.
Summary: Choice D is the most appropriate as it promotes respect for individual cultural beliefs and fosters effective communication and relationship building. Choices A, B, and C lack the key components necessary for developing cultural competence.
A nurse had developed a plan of care for a patient with depression. Which nursing diagnosis would reflect the social domain?
- A. Imbalanced Nutrition, Less Than Body Requirements related to lack of appetite.
- B. Powerlessness related to feelings of lack of control over the situation.
- C. Ineffective Role Performance related to inability to participate as family provider
- D. Risk for Suicide related to depressed mood and feelings of oneself as a failure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ineffective Role Performance related to inability to participate as family provider. This nursing diagnosis reflects the social domain because it focuses on the patient's inability to fulfill their role as a family provider due to depression, which impacts their social functioning. This diagnosis addresses the patient's social interactions, relationships, and roles within the family unit.
Explanation:
1. Imbalanced Nutrition (A) is related to physical health and nutrition, not the social domain.
2. Powerlessness (B) is related to feelings of lack of control, not specifically tied to social interactions or roles.
3. Risk for Suicide (D) is related to the patient's safety and mental health, not directly addressing social functioning.
In summary, choice C is the correct answer as it specifically addresses the patient's social domain by focusing on their role within the family unit, while the other choices are more related to physical health, mental health, and personal feelings.
A nursing instructor is describing the DSM-IV-TR to a group of nursing students. Which of the following would the instructor include as the primary purpose of this classification?
- A. Provide a commonly understood diagnostic category for clinical practice.
- B. Describe treatment modalities for psychiatric disorders and mental illnesses.
- C. Identify various etiologies for mental disorders based on family histories.
- D. Provide optimal outcomes for treatment for individuals with mental illnesses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a commonly understood diagnostic category for clinical practice. The primary purpose of the DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision) is to establish a standardized system for classifying mental disorders to aid clinicians in diagnosis and treatment. It provides a common language and criteria for mental health professionals to communicate effectively and ensure consistency in diagnosis.
Choice B is incorrect because the DSM-IV-TR focuses on diagnostic criteria rather than treatment modalities. Choice C is incorrect as the DSM-IV-TR does not primarily focus on identifying etiologies but rather on classification. Choice D is incorrect as the manual does not provide specific outcomes for treatment but rather aids in diagnosing mental disorders.
A patient receives a court order for commitment. Which of the following best exemplifies the concept of `least restrictive environment?
- A. Involuntary commitment to an outpatient community mental health center
- B. Medication administration for sedation so the patient cannot get out of bed
- C. Placing the patient in a locked padded room in response to threats of self-harm
- D. Allowing the patient to make the decision about whether treatment is necessary
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because involuntary commitment to an outpatient community mental health center provides treatment while allowing the patient to remain in the community and maintain some level of freedom. This option aligns with the principle of the least restrictive environment by balancing the patient's need for treatment with their rights and autonomy.
Option B is incorrect as sedating a patient to prevent them from getting out of bed is overly restrictive and limits their freedom unnecessarily. Option C is also incorrect as placing a patient in a locked padded room is highly restrictive and does not promote autonomy or community integration. Option D is incorrect because allowing the patient to decide on treatment, while important, may not always align with their best interests in cases of severe mental illness requiring involuntary commitment for safety and treatment.
A nurse is explaining recovery to the family of a patient diagnosed with a mental disorder. Which statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to include about this process?
- A. `It is a step-by-step process from being ill to being well.
- B. `The patient focuses mainly on the emotional aspects of his condition.
- C. `The patient is helped to live a meaningful life to his fullest potential.
- D. `Although peer support is important, the self-acceptance is essential.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because recovery from a mental disorder involves helping the patient live a meaningful life to their fullest potential. This statement acknowledges the holistic approach to recovery, focusing not only on symptom management but also on empowerment and quality of life. It emphasizes the importance of supporting the patient in achieving their goals and aspirations. On the other hand, choices A and B are too simplistic and do not capture the complexity of the recovery process. Choice D, although acknowledging the importance of self-acceptance, does not encompass the broader concept of living a fulfilling life beyond just peer support and self-acceptance.