ATI Nursing Proctored Pediatric Test Banks

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During chemotherapy, an oncology client has a nursing diagnosis of impaired oral mucous membrane related to decreased nutrition and immunosuppression secondary to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. Which nursing intervention is most likely to decrease the pain of stomatitis?

  • A. Recommending that the client discontinue chemotherapy
  • B. Providing a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water for use as a mouth rinse
  • C. monitoring the client's platelet and leukocyte counts
  • D. Checking regularly for signs and symptoms of stomatitis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Providing a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water for use as a mouth rinse is most likely to decrease the pain of stomatitis. Stomatitis is inflammation of the oral mucous membranes and can be quite painful for oncology clients undergoing chemotherapy. Using a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water as a mouth rinse can help reduce the risk of infection and promote healing of the mucous membranes, thereby decreasing the pain associated with stomatitis. This intervention helps to maintain oral hygiene and prevent further complications, making it an effective way to manage the client's symptoms while undergoing chemotherapy. It is important to note that discontinuing chemotherapy would not be a recommended intervention as it is the primary treatment for the client's cancer. Monitoring platelet and leukocyte counts and checking for signs and symptoms of stomatitis are important aspects of care, but providing a mouth rinse would directly address the pain and discomfort experienced by the client.

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Hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of infancy, occurring more in full-term infants. Of the following, the most common risk factor of development of hemangioma is

  • A. male infant
  • B. female infant
  • C. infant of diabetic mother
  • D. infant delivered by cesarean section
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Female infants are at higher risk for developing hemangiomas.

Radiotherapy is an effective modality of treatment in variable pediatric solid tumors. Of the following, the LEAST responsive tumor to radiotherapy is

  • A. rhabdomyosarcoma
  • B. neuroblastoma
  • C. nephroblastoma
  • D. osteosarcoma
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Osteosarcoma is relatively radioresistant compared to other listed tumors.

The nurse is working in a support group for client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which point is most important for the nurse to stress?

  • A. Avoiding the use of recreational drugs and alcohol
  • B. Refraining from telling anyone about the diagnosis
  • C. Following safer-sex practices
  • D. Telling potential sex partners about the diagnosis, as required by the law
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Following safer sex practices is the most important point for the nurse to stress when working in a support group for clients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Safer sex practices, such as using condoms consistently and correctly, can help reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others or acquiring other sexually transmitted infections. While avoiding the use of recreational drugs and alcohol is beneficial for overall health, it is not as crucial as practicing safer sex. Refraining from telling anyone about the diagnosis is not recommended, as social support is important for individuals living with AIDS. Telling potential sex partners about the diagnosis is also essential, not only for ethical reasons but also to prevent the transmission of the virus.

Nurse Amy teaches a group of nursing students about the factors that cuses biliary cirrhosis. Which factor is associated with the condition?

  • A. acute viral hepatitis
  • B. alcohol hepatotoxicity
  • C. chronic biliary inflammation or obstruction
  • D. hepatic failure with prolonged venous hepatic congestion
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Primary biliary cirrhosis, now known as primary biliary cholangitis, is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that affects the bile ducts within the liver. The main characteristic of this condition is progressive destruction of the small bile ducts, leading to chronic biliary inflammation or obstruction. This results in the buildup of bile in the liver, causing damage and scarring (cirrhosis) over time. Factors such as acute viral hepatitis (choice A), alcohol hepatotoxicity (choice B), and hepatic failure with prolonged venous hepatic congestion (choice D) are associated with other liver conditions, but they are not specifically linked to primary biliary cholangitis.

A client has undergone the Snellen eye chart test and has 20/40 vision. Which of the ff is true for this client?

  • A. The client sees letters at 20 feet that others can read at 40 feet
  • B. The client sees letters at 40 feet that others can read at 20 feet
  • C. The client sees colors at 20 feet that others can see at 40 feet
  • D. The client sees colors at 40 feet that others can see at 20 feet
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the Snellen eye chart test, the first number (20) represents the distance at which the client is standing from the chart, while the second number (40) represents the distance at which a person with normal vision can read the same line on the chart. A person with 20/40 vision can see letters at 20 feet that a person with normal vision can see at 40 feet. This means that the client's vision is below the standard for normal vision, indicating that they may need corrective lenses to improve their visual acuity.

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