Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank

Burns Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank Related

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A guest who is diabetic attended a bridal affair. The guest started to tremble and started to feel dizzy. Luckily a nurse is present. The best action for the nurse to take is to:

  • A. encourages the guest to eat some
  • B. call the guest's personal hygiene
  • C. offer the guest a peppermint
  • D. give the guest a glass of orange juice
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The best action for the nurse to take in this situation is to give the guest a glass of orange juice (Choice D). The guest is most likely experiencing hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) due to diabetes. Orange juice contains natural sugars that can help raise the guest's blood sugar levels quickly. Since the guest is feeling dizzy and trembling, providing a source of fast-acting sugar like orange juice is crucial in addressing the low blood sugar and preventing the situation from worsening. It is important to follow up with a source of longer-lasting carbohydrates and protein after the guest's blood sugar levels have stabilized.

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A client is diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The physician prescribes mitomycin (Mutamycin) with other chemotherapeutic agents for palliative treatment. How mitomycin does exert its cytotoxic effects?

  • A. It inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis
  • B. It's cell cycle-phase specific
  • C. It inhibits ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis
  • D. It inhibits protein synthesis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Mitomycin exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming cross-links between adjacent guanine residues in DNA, leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis. This mechanism disrupts the replication of cancer cells, ultimately inducing cell death. Mitomycin is an alkylating agent that primarily targets DNA, making it an effective treatment for certain types of cancers, such as adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

You are discussing the risk of radiotherapy with the parents of a child with medulloblastoma; the mother has a concern about the late neurological complications post radiotherapy. The statement that should be included in the discussion that late neurological sequelae post radiotherapy is more severe with

  • A. focal radiotherapy rather than craniospinal irradiation
  • B. children with an age of less than 3 year
  • C. concomitant chemo-radiotherapy
  • D. low grade tumors rather than high grade tumors
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Younger children (<3 years) are more susceptible to long-term neurotoxic effects of radiotherapy.

Which combination of signs is commonly associated with glomerulonephritis?

  • A. Mild proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urine output, and lethargy.
  • B. Massive proteinuria, hematuria, increased output, and lethargy.
  • C. Mild proteinuria, increased output, and lethargy.
  • D. Massive proteinuria, decreased output, and hypotension.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Glomerulonephritis typically presents with mild to moderate proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urine output, and lethargy.

A client has been diagnosed with renal failure and is admitted for dialysis. Which of the ff is the nurse's responsibility as the client undergone dialysis?

  • A. Keeping dialysis supplies in a clean area
  • B. Inspecting the catheter insertion site for signs of infection
  • C. Weighing the client before and after the procedure
  • D. washing hands before and after handling the catheter
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse's responsibility during dialysis includes weighing the client before and after the procedure. This is important to monitor the amount of fluid removed during dialysis and to ensure that the client's fluid balance is managed properly. It helps in determining the effectiveness of dialysis treatment in removing excess fluid from the body. Keeping the client's fluid balance in check is crucial in managing renal failure and preventing complications such as fluid overload. Therefore, monitoring the client's weight before and after dialysis is a key responsibility of the nurse in this situation.

Which of the following malignancies is least likely to occur in a 10-month-old infant?

  • A. neuroblastoma
  • B. nephroblastoma
  • C. retinoblastoma
  • D. hepatoblastoma
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hepatoblastoma is rare in infants under 1 year old, being more common in toddlers.

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