Nokea
Signs of obstructed labour per vaginally include
- A. Dry vagina, Oedema of the cervix, Caput succedaneum
- B. Plenty amniotic fluid, Hot/dry vagina, meconium stained liquor
- C. Meconium stained liquor, Hot/dry vagina, Diluted urine
- D. Caput succedaneum, Oedema of the cervix, plenty amniotic fluid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Signs of obstructed labor include a dry vagina, oedema of the cervix, and caput succedaneum.
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On vaginal examination, the findings characteristic of brow presentation include
- A. Presenting diameter is submento-vertical 11.5cm, head partially extended
- B. Back difficult to palpate, fetal heart heard on the same side as the limbs
- C. Presenting diameter is mento-vertical 13.5cm, head partially extended
- D. Presenting diameter is mento-vertical 13.5cm, head completely extended
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The characteristic presenting diameter in brow presentation is submento-vertical, with the head partially extended.
When a patient is hospitalized with a possible stroke, the AGACNP recognizes that the stroke most likely resulted from a subarachnoid hemorrhage when the patients family reports that the patient
- A. Has a history of atrial fibrillation
- B. Was unable to be aroused in the morning
- C. Had been complaining of a headache before losing consciousness
- D. Has had several brief episodes of mental confusion and right arm and leg weakness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The key clinical manifestation indicating a possible subarachnoid hemorrhage in this scenario is that the patient had been complaining of a headache before losing consciousness. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a type of stroke that results from bleeding into the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater surrounding the brain. Severe headache, often described as the worst headache of one's life, is a classic symptom of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The sudden onset of a severe headache before loss of consciousness raises the suspicion for this type of stroke. Other symptoms such as mental confusion and weakness may also be present, but the headache is a crucial indicator in this case.
Placental parasitation is associated with
- A. Malaria prenatally
- B. Candidiasis prenatally
- C. Tuberculosis prenatally
- D. Multiple gestation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placental parasitation is associated with malaria during pregnancy.
The diagnostic factor of polyhydramnious, based on percussion, is
- A. Muffled fetal heart sounds
- B. Presence of a dull sound
- C. Excessive fetal movements
- D. Presence of a fluid thrill
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluid thrill is a key diagnostic sign of polyhydramnious.
The AGACNP knows that when evaluating a patient with suspected acute pyelonephritis, which of the following is not a common feature?
- A. Pyuria
- B. Fever
- C. CVA tenderness
- D. Gross hematuria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While pyuria, fever, and CVA tenderness are common features of acute pyelonephritis, gross hematuria is less commonly associated with this condition. In acute pyelonephritis, the inflammatory process primarily affects the renal parenchyma and pelvis, leading to symptoms such as fever, chills, flank pain, pyuria (presence of pus in the urine), and CVA tenderness (tenderness over the costovertebral angle). Hematuria in acute pyelonephritis is more likely to be microscopic rather than gross.