Nokea
Mrs. Tan was prescribed with nitroglycerin. Nurse Amalia teaches her about the common side effect of the drug which includes:
- A. High bloold pressure
- B. GIT irritation
- C. Shortness of breathing
- D. throbbing headache
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: throbbing headache. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels, leading to increased blood flow and reduced workload on the heart. One common side effect of nitroglycerin is a throbbing headache due to the dilation of blood vessels in the brain. This side effect is expected and usually diminishes with continued use.
Explanation of other choices:
A: High blood pressure - Nitroglycerin actually helps lower blood pressure by dilating blood vessels.
B: GIT irritation - This is not a common side effect of nitroglycerin, as it primarily affects the cardiovascular system.
C: Shortness of breathing - This is not a typical side effect of nitroglycerin, as it does not directly affect respiratory function.
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Tic douloureux is a (n) ___ cranial nerve disorder characterized by paroxysms of pain and burning sensations.
- A. 1st
- B. 7th
- C. 5th
- D. 8th
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 5th cranial nerve. Tic douloureux, also known as trigeminal neuralgia, is characterized by severe facial pain. The trigeminal nerve, the 5th cranial nerve, is responsible for sensory input from the face. This nerve is commonly affected in cases of tic douloureux, leading to sharp, shooting pain in the face. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the 1st cranial nerve (olfactory nerve), 7th cranial nerve (facial nerve), and 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) are not typically associated with the symptoms of tic douloureux.
Which statement, from a participant attending the class on AIDS prevention, indicates an understanding on how to reduce transmission of HIV?
- A. Mother’s who are HIV positive should still be encouraged to breastfeed their babies because beast milk is superior to cow’s milk
- B. I think a needle exchange program, where clean needles are exchanged for dirty needles, should be offered in every city
- C. Females taking birth control pills are protected from getting HIV
- D. It’s okay to use natural skin condoms since they offer the same protection as the latex condoms
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. This statement shows an understanding of reducing HIV transmission by promoting harm reduction strategies like needle exchange programs, which help prevent sharing of contaminated needles. This approach is evidence-based and effective in reducing the spread of HIV among injection drug users.
Choice A is incorrect because breastfeeding by HIV-positive mothers can transmit the virus to infants. Choice C is incorrect as birth control pills do not protect against HIV, only against pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as natural skin condoms do not provide the same level of protection against HIV as latex condoms do.
Which method of data collection will the nurse use to establish a patient’s database?
- A. Reviewing the current literature to determine evidence-based nursing actions
- B. Checking orders for diagnostic and laboratory tests
- C. Performing a physical examination
- D. Ordering medications
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Performing a physical examination. This method allows the nurse to directly gather patient data through observation, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. It helps in assessing the patient's overall health status, identifying any abnormalities, and establishing a baseline for further care. Reviewing literature (A) helps in evidence-based practice but does not directly collect patient data. Checking orders for tests (B) and ordering medications (D) involve actions based on data collected rather than collecting the data itself.
A patient asks how to avoid lung cancer. The following are risk factors, except:
- A. Exposure to passive smoke
- B. Crowded living conditions
- C. Air pollution
- D. Diet low in fruits and vegetables
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Crowded living conditions do not directly increase the risk of lung cancer.
Step 2: Passive smoke (choice A) and air pollution (choice C) contain carcinogens linked to lung cancer.
Step 3: Diet low in fruits and vegetables (choice D) may lead to poor immune function, potentially impacting cancer risk.
Step 4: In summary, crowded living conditions do not contribute to lung cancer risk compared to the other choices.
\What should the nurse teach an older client with TIA?
- A. Not to worry about the symptoms that are part of the normal aging process
- B. To admit oneself to a rehabilitation center or a nursing home for rehabilitation
- C. To comply with the medication regimen
- D. To observe any changes in the nails and skin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To comply with the medication regimen. Teaching the older client with TIA to comply with medication regimen is crucial in preventing further TIAs or strokes. Medications like antiplatelets or anticoagulants are often prescribed to manage TIA. This education empowers the client to actively participate in their own health management.
Incorrect choices:
A: Not to worry about the symptoms that are part of the normal aging process - This is incorrect as TIA symptoms are not considered a normal part of aging and should not be ignored.
B: To admit oneself to a rehabilitation center or a nursing home for rehabilitation - This is incorrect as it is not the primary intervention for managing TIA.
D: To observe any changes in the nails and skin - This is incorrect as it is not directly related to managing TIA.