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Which patient would the group co-leaders determine is demonstrating Yalom’s therapeutic factor termed universality?
- A. Patient A, who states he realizes he is not the only person who has a problem with loneliness
- B. Patient B, who displays dysfunctional interaction patterns learned in his family of origin
- C. Patient C, who states he finally feels a strong sense of belonging
- D. Patient D, who openly expresses his anger about his work
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because universality in Yalom's therapeutic factors refers to the recognition that one is not alone in their struggles. Patient A demonstrates this by acknowledging that others also face loneliness, fostering a sense of commonality and reducing feelings of isolation. In contrast, patient B's dysfunctional patterns do not relate to universality. Patient C's sense of belonging is related to group cohesion, not universality. Patient D's anger expression is not directly linked to recognizing shared experiences.
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Which intervention will the nurse implement in the first half hour after the patient has received ECT?
- A. Continually stimulate patient to respond, using physical and verbal means.
- B. Continue bagging patient to improve respiratory function until patient is responsive for 10 minutes.
- C. Reorient as necessary to time, place, and person as level of consciousness improves.
- D. Encourage walking and eating breakfast as quickly as possible.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reorienting the patient to time, place, and person is crucial in the immediate post-ECT period to help the patient regain orientation as consciousness improves. This intervention helps prevent confusion and disorientation commonly experienced after ECT. A: Continually stimulating the patient may be overwhelming and unnecessary. B: Continuing bagging is not relevant after ECT as the patient's respiratory function should have stabilized. D: Encouraging walking and eating can be unsafe immediately post-ECT due to potential disorientation and muscle weakness.
A teen states, "I miss my dog so much, but if I start crying, I will never stop." This reflects a fear of:
- A. Losing control over her emotions
- B. Losing the support of her friends and family
- C. Embarrassing herself by crying in public
- D. Appearing emotionally immature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the teen is expressing a fear of losing control over her emotions if she starts crying. This is evident from her belief that she will never stop crying once she starts. Option B (Losing the support of her friends and family) is incorrect as the statement does not suggest concern about losing support. Option C (Embarrassing herself by crying in public) is incorrect as the fear expressed is more about not being able to stop crying rather than embarrassment. Option D (Appearing emotionally immature) is incorrect as there is no indication that the teen is worried about how others perceive her emotional maturity.
Which person would the nurse assess as experiencing chronic sorrow?
- A. The mother of a child diagnosed with asthma
- B. The father of an adult son who is a schizophrenic
- C. The daughter whose father experienced a hip replacement
- D. The wife whose husband has recently requested a trial separation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because chronic sorrow is a continuous feeling of grief or sadness that occurs when there is a discrepancy between the reality of a situation and the individual's expectations or hopes. In this case, the father of an adult son who is schizophrenic is likely to experience chronic sorrow due to the ongoing challenges and difficulties associated with his son's mental illness. This long-term impact on his emotional well-being aligns with the concept of chronic sorrow.
Choices A, C, and D do not necessarily imply a long-term or continuous feeling of grief. The mother of a child with asthma may experience anxiety or distress during asthma attacks, but it may not necessarily lead to chronic sorrow. The daughter whose father had a hip replacement may experience temporary worry or concern but not chronic sorrow. The wife whose husband requested a trial separation may experience sadness and distress, but it is not a situation that inherently leads to chronic sorrow.
Which physical disturbance is commonly assessed in patients experiencing acute grief?
- A. Tightness in the chest
- B. Hypersomnia
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Cardiovascular problems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tightness in the chest. This physical disturbance is commonly associated with acute grief due to the emotional pain experienced. It is a manifestation of the intense feelings of sadness and loss that accompany grief. Tightness in the chest can be a result of the stress response triggered by grief, leading to physical symptoms such as chest pain and difficulty breathing.
Summary:
B: Hypersomnia and C: Increased appetite are more commonly associated with conditions like depression, while D: Cardiovascular problems may be a long-term consequence of chronic stress but are not typically assessed as a primary physical disturbance in acute grief.
A patient begins a new program to assist with building social skills. In which part of the plan of care should a nurse record the item, "Encourage patient to attend one psychoeducational group daily"?
- A. Assessment
- B. Implementation
- C. Analysis
- D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Implementation. In the nursing process, implementation involves carrying out the plan of care. Encouraging the patient to attend a psychoeducational group daily is an action that is part of implementing the care plan to improve social skills. This step focuses on putting the plan into action and actively supporting the patient in achieving the desired outcomes.
A: Assessment is incorrect because assessment involves collecting data and information about the patient's condition, not actively implementing interventions.
C: Analysis is incorrect as it involves interpreting and making sense of the assessment data to identify problems and strengths, not implementing interventions.
D: Evaluation is incorrect because it involves assessing the effectiveness of the interventions implemented, not actively carrying out the interventions themselves.