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Which interventions should the nurse discuss with the female client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? Select all that apply.
- A. Recommend the client not to engage in unprotected sexual activity.
- B. Instruct the client not to inform past sexual partners of HIV status.
- C. Tell the client to not donate blood, organs, or tissues.
- D. Suggest the client not get pregnant.
- E. Explain the client does not have to tell health-care personnel of HIV status.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Unprotected sex, blood/organ donation, and pregnancy risk HIV transmission or complications. Partner notification and informing healthcare personnel are recommended.
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The home health nurse is caring for the client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which client issue is of most importance?
- A. The client refuses to have a gastrostomy feeding.
- B. The client wants to discuss if she should tell her fiancé.
- C. The client tells the nurse life is not worth living anymore.
- D. The client needs the flu and pneumonia vaccines.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suicidal ideation indicates a mental health crisis, requiring immediate intervention. Gastrostomy refusal, disclosure to fiancé, and vaccines are less urgent.
The nurse is developing a care plan for a client diagnosed with SLE. Which goal is priority for this client?
- A. The client will maintain reproductive ability.
- B. The client will verbalize feelings of body-image changes.
- C. The client will have no deterioration of organ function.
- D. The client’s skin will remain intact and have no irritation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preventing organ deterioration is critical in SLE to avoid life-threatening complications. Reproduction, body image, and skin integrity are secondary.
The nurse in the holding area of the operating room is assessing the client prior to surgery. Which information warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. The client is able to mark the correct site for the surgery.
- B. The client can only tell the nurse about the surgery in lay terms.
- C. The client is allergic to iodine and does not have an allergy bracelet.
- D. The client has signed a consent form for surgery and anesthesia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Missing an allergy bracelet for iodine risks exposure during surgery, requiring immediate intervention. Site marking, lay terms, and consent are appropriate.
Which signs/symptoms should the nurse expect to assess in the client diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome?
- A. Complaints of dry mouth and eyes.
- B. Complaints of peripheral joint pain.
- C. Complaints of muscle weakness.
- D. Complaints of severe itching.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dry mouth and eyes (sicca symptoms) are hallmark signs of Sjögren’s syndrome. Joint pain, weakness, and itching are less specific.
The 20-year-old female client diagnosed with advanced unremitting RA is being admitted to receive a regimen of immunosuppressive medications. Which question should the nurse ask during the admission process regarding the medications?
- A. Are you sexually active, and, if so, are you using birth control?
- B. Have you discussed taking these drugs with your parents?
- C. Which arm do you prefer to have an IV in for four (4) days?
- D. Have you signed an informed consent for investigational drugs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immunosuppressants are teratogenic, making contraception critical. Parental discussion, IV preference, and investigational consent are less relevant.