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A client with tuberculosis (TB) is taking isoniazid (INH). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include?
- A. Take the medication with food to avoid stomach upset.
- B. Avoid exposure to sunlight while taking this medication.
- C. Report any numbness or tingling in extremities.
- D. Have liver function tests done regularly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Isoniazid (INH) can cause liver toxicity.
Step 2: Regular liver function tests help monitor for liver damage.
Step 3: Monitoring liver function is crucial to prevent serious complications.
Step 4: Other choices are not directly related to INH's side effects.
Summary: Choice D is correct as it directly addresses a potential serious side effect of INH. Choices A, B, and C are not directly relevant to the medication's side effects.
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Which nutritional instruction should a nurse give to stress-prone clients?
- A. Eat at regular intervals
- B. Eat only when hungry
- C. Avoid consumption of oily food
- D. Eat only one meal a day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating at regular intervals helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and reduces stress on the body's metabolic processes.
Match the following data with the assessment technique used to obtain the information.
- A. Normal blood flow through arteries
- B. Abnormal blood flow in carotid artery
- C. Tympany of the abdomen
- D. Pitting edema
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct match depends on the technique: Auscultation detects normal/abnormal blood flow, percussion reveals tympany, and palpation identifies pitting edema.
A client is hospitalized with a second episode of pulmonary embolism (PE). Recent genetic testing reveals the client has an alteration in the gene CYP2C19. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Instruct the client to eliminate all vitamin K from the diet.
- B. Prepare preoperative teaching for an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter.
- C. Refer the client to a chronic illness support group.
- D. Teach the client to use a soft-bristled toothbrush.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prepare preoperative teaching for an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter. In the context of a client with an alteration in the gene CYP2C19 and recurrent pulmonary embolism, the use of an IVC filter helps prevent blood clots from traveling to the lungs. This intervention is crucial in managing the risk of further pulmonary embolism. Teaching the client about the purpose, care, and potential complications of the IVC filter is essential for their understanding and cooperation in the treatment plan.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Instruct the client to eliminate all vitamin K from the diet. This choice is not relevant to the management of recurrent pulmonary embolism associated with a genetic alteration.
C: Refer the client to a chronic illness support group. While support is important, it is not the immediate priority in this case of managing a recurrent PE.
D: Teach the client to use a soft-bristled toothbrush. This recommendation is not directly
When auscultating Mr. Puff’s chest, what would you expect to find?
- A. Absent breath sounds
- B. Bronchial breath sounds with rales
- C. Decreased vesicular breath sounds with prolonged expiration
- D. Normal breath sounds with prolonged inspiration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Air trapping causes prolonged expiration in COPD.
During a shower three days ago, Jeremy Robb, 19, discovered a firm lump in his left testis. He went to the student health center at his university, was referred to a local physician and was admitted to the hospital for a left orchiectomy and lymph node resection. Risk factors for cancer of the testes include:
- A. smoking.
- B. undescended testicle.
- C. multiple sex partners.
- D. genital trauma.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking has been linked to cancer of the lungs, bladder, and pancreas, but has not been linked directly to cancer of the testes. Males who had undescended testicle(s) have been found to have a higher incidence of cancer of the testes later. It is theorized that the internal heat the testes are exposed to while in the abdomen causes the damage to the testes. Multiple sex partners is a risk for genital warts, AIDS, and sexually transmitted diseases, but has not been shown to be a risk for cancer of the testes. Genital trauma more likely causes bladder and ureteral damage.