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Which of the following best describes the ethical concept of values?
- A. Values are an individual’s feelings about situations.
- B. Values are learned through family systems.
- C. Values are organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life.
- D. Values determine the rightness or wrongness of behavior.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because values are indeed organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life. Values represent core beliefs and principles that guide an individual's behavior and decision-making. They provide a framework for understanding what is important and meaningful in life.
A is incorrect because values are not just feelings but rather deeply held beliefs. B is incorrect as values can be influenced by family systems but are not solely learned through them. D is incorrect because while values can inform moral judgments, they themselves do not determine the rightness or wrongness of behavior.
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An RN is writing reminders for good documentation for the nurses on her staff. The purpose is to ensure nursing documentation is legally credible. Which of the following is a recommendation she should include in the reminders?
- A. Use shortcuts in documentation.
- B. Only use approved abbreviations.
- C. Documentation should be subjective.
- D. Document after care is provided.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Only use approved abbreviations. Using approved abbreviations in nursing documentation helps ensure clarity, accuracy, and consistency, which are crucial for legal credibility. Abbreviations can lead to misunderstandings or errors if not standardized.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Using shortcuts in documentation can compromise accuracy and lead to incomplete or unclear information, which could result in legal issues.
C: Documentation should be objective, not subjective, to provide an accurate portrayal of the patient's condition and care. Subjective documentation can be challenged legally.
D: Documenting after care is provided is important, but documenting in a timely manner is crucial for legal credibility. Delayed documentation can raise questions about the accuracy and reliability of the information.
Which laboratory value reported to the nurse by the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)
indicates the most urgent need for the nurse’s assessment of the patient?
- A. Bedtime glucose of 140 mg/dL
- B. Noon blood glucose of 52 mg/dL
- C. Fasting blood glucose of 130 mg/dL
- D. 2-hr postprandial glucose of 220 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Noon blood glucose of 52 mg/dL. This value indicates hypoglycemia, which can lead to serious complications like confusion, seizures, or coma. Immediate assessment and intervention are crucial.
A: Bedtime glucose of 140 mg/dL is within the normal range.
C: Fasting blood glucose of 130 mg/dL is slightly elevated but doesn't require urgent assessment.
D: 2-hr postprandial glucose of 220 mg/dL is elevated but not as critical as hypoglycemia.
What is the primary function of discipline?
- A. To punish
- B. To evaluate
- C. To teach
- D. To ridicule
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary function of discipline is to teach. Discipline aims to guide individuals towards desired behaviors, values, and attitudes through positive reinforcement, correction, and guidance. It involves setting boundaries, providing structure, and helping individuals learn from their mistakes. Punishing (choice A) focuses solely on consequences without teaching alternatives. Evaluation (choice B) assesses performance but doesn't necessarily teach. Ridicule (choice D) is harmful and counterproductive, not a purpose of discipline. In summary, discipline primarily serves to educate and cultivate positive behavior.
Which of the following is an example of a conflict of interest in nursing?
- A. A nurse accepting gifts from a patient
- B. A nurse working for two competing healthcare organizations
- C. A nurse disclosing patient information without consent
- D. A nurse delegating tasks improperly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a nurse working for two competing healthcare organizations creates a conflict of interest as they may prioritize one organization over the other. This could compromise patient care and violate ethical standards.
A: Accepting gifts from a patient may be inappropriate but does not necessarily create a conflict of interest.
C: Disclosing patient information without consent is a breach of confidentiality but not specifically a conflict of interest.
D: Delegating tasks improperly is a violation of professional standards but does not directly relate to a conflict of interest.
Two RNs are discussing the benefits of professional liability insurance. Which of the following is a reason for an RN to have a professional liability insurance policy?
- A. No expenses are involved in frivolous lawsuits.
- B. If a nurse is found guilty of malpractice, the institution cannot sue the nurse.
- C. Liability policies may also cover charges of libel, slander, assault, and HIPAA violations.
- D. Only doctors are sued for malpractice.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because professional liability insurance for RNs can cover charges of libel, slander, assault, and HIPAA violations in addition to malpractice. This coverage protects the nurse's assets and provides legal defense in case of such claims. Option A is incorrect because there are expenses involved in defending against frivolous lawsuits. Option B is incorrect as institutions can still sue a nurse found guilty of malpractice. Option D is incorrect as nurses can also be sued for malpractice, not just doctors.