Nokea
The nurse discusses the self-care guidelines to minimize the side effects of radiation on the skin. Which actions to reduce radiation skin reactions should the nurse explain to the client?
- A. Wear loose-fitting, soft clothing over the treated skin.
- B. Use a straight-edged razor to shave hair in the treated area.
- C. Swim only in swimming pools to avoid stagnant water.
- D. Use only skin-care products suggested by the radiation staff.
- E. Apply skin products immediately after radiation treatment.
- F. Wash treated area gently with lukewarm water and mild soap.
Correct Answer: A, D, F,
Rationale: Wearing loose-fitting, soft clothing over the treated skin is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions. B. The use of an electric, not a straight-edged, razor for shaving a treated area is recommended. C. Clients are advised to avoid swimming in chlorinated water. D. Using only skin-care products suggested by the radiation staff is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions. E. Clients are advised to delay the application of skin-care products within 4 hours of radiation treatment. F. Washing the treated area gently with lukewarm water and mild soap is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions.
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The nurse and the licensed practical nurse (LPN) are caring for clients on an oncology floor. Which client should not be assigned to the LPN?
- A. The client newly diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
- B. The client who is four (4) hours postprocedure bone marrow biopsy.
- C. The client who received two (2) units of (PRBCs) on the previous shift.
- D. The client who is receiving multiple intravenous piggyback medications.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IV piggyback medications (D) require complex assessment (e.g., chemotherapy), beyond LPN scope. New diagnosis (A), post-biopsy (B), and post-transfusion (C) are stable for LPN care.
The nurse is transcribing the HCP’s order for an iron supplement on the MAR. At which time should the nurse schedule the daily dose?
- A. 900
- B. 1000
- C. 1200
- D. 1630
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron supplements are best taken in the morning (0900, A) with food to reduce GI upset and enhance absorption. Later times (B, C, D) are less optimal.
The client is diagnosed with severe iron-deficiency anemia. Which statement is the scientific rationale regarding oral replacement therapy?
- A. Iron supplements are well tolerated without side effects.
- B. There is no benefit from oral preparations; the best route is IV.
- C. Oral iron preparations cause diarrhea if not taken with food.
- D. Very little of the iron supplement will be absorbed by the body.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral iron has low absorption (D), requiring high doses. Side effects (A) include GI upset, IV (B) is for severe cases, and diarrhea (C) is not primary (constipation is common).
The client is symptomatic with a Hgb of 7.8 g/dL, but refuses blood and blood products transfusions for religious reasons. The nurse should prepare the client that the HCP may prescribe which alternatives?
- A. Epoetin alfa
- B. Folic acid
- C. Albumin
- D. Platelets
- E. Fresh frozen plasma
- F. Granulocytes
Correct Answer: A, B,
Rationale: Epoetin alfa (erythropoietin growth factor; Procrit) promotes erythropoiesis (production of RBCs), thus decreasing the need for transfusions. B. Folic acid promotes erythropoiesis and production of WBCs and platelets. C. Albumin is a blood product. D. Platelets are blood products. E. Plasma is a blood product. F. Granulocytes are blood products.
The client is diagnosed with Hodgkin’s disease. Which data are diagnostic for Hodgkin’s disease?
- A. Night sweats and low-grade fever.
- B. Cavitation noted on the chest x-ray.
- C. Reed-Sternberg cells found on biopsy.
- D. Weight loss and palpable inguinal lymph nodes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy (C) are diagnostic for Hodgkin’s. Night sweats/fever (A) and weight loss/nodes (D) are supportive, and cavitation (B) suggests TB.