Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive System

Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive System Related

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The endometrial thickness is greatest during the:

  • A. Secretory phase
  • B. Menstrual phase
  • C. Proliferative phase
  • D. Late follicular phase
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Secretory phase. During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, the endometrial thickness is greatest due to increased progesterone levels, leading to thickening of the endometrium in preparation for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. This phase occurs after ovulation and is characterized by glandular secretions and increased vascularity to support a potential pregnancy.

Summary:
- Menstrual phase (B) is incorrect as it is characterized by shedding of the endometrial lining.
- Proliferative phase (C) is incorrect as it involves endometrial thickening but not to the extent seen in the secretory phase.
- Late follicular phase (D) is incorrect as it precedes ovulation and is primarily characterized by follicular development rather than significant endometrial thickening.

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The layer that is incomplete because it covers none of the cervix and only part of the body is called the:

  • A. Parietal peritoneum
  • B. Myometrium
  • C. Endometrium
  • D. Symphysis pubis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The parietal peritoneum partially covers the uterus, leaving the cervix uncovered.

Findings of a Pap smear exam denote atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS).

  • A. Which therapeutic treatment option would the nurse expect the practitioner to order?
  • B. Mammography
  • C. Bone scan
  • D. Transvaginal ultrasound
Correct Answer: E

Rationale: The correct answer is missing from the choices provided. For a finding of ASCUS on a Pap smear, the next step would typically be to perform HPV testing to determine if further evaluation or treatment is needed. HPV testing helps to identify high-risk strains of the virus that may lead to cervical cancer. Based on the results of the HPV test, the healthcare provider would decide on the appropriate management plan, which could include colposcopy, repeat Pap smear, or other interventions. Therefore, the correct answer should involve HPV testing or further diagnostic procedures rather than therapeutic treatment options or imaging studies like mammography, bone scan, or transvaginal ultrasound.

Neonatal jaundice that is present in the first 24 hours of life is considered

  • A. physiologic
  • B. pathologic
  • C. unconjugated
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Jaundice appearing within the first 24 hours is pathologic and requires further evaluation.

The primary purpose of the cremaster muscle is to:

  • A. Eject milk into the lactiferous ducts of the breasts.
  • B. Maintain the uterus in an anteflexed position.
  • C. Keep the testes cooler than the rest of the body.
  • D. Expel seminal fluids to nourish sperm at ejaculation.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cremaster muscle adjusts the position of the testes to regulate their temperature for optimal sperm production.

Which piece of the usual equipment setup for a pelvic examination is omitted with a Pap test?

  • A. Lubricant
  • B. Speculum
  • C. Fixative agent
  • D. Gloves and eye protectors
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lubricant. During a Pap test, lubricant should not be used as it can interfere with the cytology sample collection. The speculum is needed to visualize the cervix, the fixative agent is used to preserve the sample, and gloves and eye protectors are essential for safety. Omitting lubricant ensures accurate sample collection for Pap testing, making it the correct choice.

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