Nokea
Which statement best describes the changes that occur during the fetal period of development?
- A. Maturation of organ systems
- B. Development of basic organ systems
- C. Resistance of organs to damage from external agents
- D. Development of placental oxygen–carbon dioxide exchange
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because during the fetal period, organ systems continue to mature and develop to become fully functional. This includes refining the structures and functions of organs that have already been formed during the embryonic period. Option B is incorrect because basic organ systems are already formed during the embryonic period. Option C is incorrect as organs are still susceptible to damage during the fetal period. Option D is incorrect because the development of placental oxygen–carbon dioxide exchange primarily occurs during the early stages of pregnancy, not specifically during the fetal period.
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After counseling with an obstetrician about infertility, a couple is advised to undergo testicular sperm aspiration. The nurse is aware that the procedure may be recommended for which infertility?
- A. Blocked fallopian tubes
- B. Unsuccessful vasectomy reversal
- C. Poor cervical mucus production
- D. Diminished sperm motility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Testicular sperm aspiration is a procedure to retrieve sperm directly from the testicles.
Step 2: If a vasectomy reversal was unsuccessful, it means there is no sperm in the ejaculate due to the blocked vas deferens.
Step 3: Testicular sperm aspiration can be recommended in such cases to retrieve sperm for assisted reproductive techniques.
Summary:
A: Blocked fallopian tubes do not involve male infertility; they affect female fertility.
C: Poor cervical mucus production is a female factor, not male.
D: Diminished sperm motility may require other treatments, not testicular sperm aspiration.
A female patient is concerned about an inability to become pregnant after trying for 1 year. Which information collected during a health history causes the nurse the greatest amount of concern about possible infertility?
- A. The patient works as a ballroom dance instructor.
- B. The patient is turning 37 years old this year.
- C. The patient has hot flashes and mood swings.
- D. The patient was treated for a pelvic inflammatory disease while in college.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because hot flashes and mood swings can indicate hormonal imbalances, which are common causes of infertility. This symptom suggests potential issues with ovulation or other reproductive system functions. Choice A is irrelevant to infertility. Choice B, age alone does not indicate infertility. Choice D, a history of pelvic inflammatory disease can cause infertility, but symptoms indicating current hormonal imbalances are of more immediate concern.
The nurse is assessing a newborn immediately after birth. After assigning the first Apgar score
of 9, the nurse notes two vessels in the umbilical cord. What is the nurse’s next action?
- A. Assess for other abnormalities of the infant.
- B. Note the assessment finding in the infant’s chart.
- C. Notify the health care provider of the assessment finding.
- D. Call for the neonatal resuscitation team to attend the infant immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should assess for other abnormalities of the infant because the presence of two vessels in the umbilical cord (a condition known as a two-vessel cord) may be associated with other congenital anomalies. By assessing for other abnormalities, the nurse can identify any potential issues that may require immediate intervention or further evaluation. This proactive approach ensures the newborn's well-being and allows for timely management of any additional concerns.
Summary of other choices:
B: Noting the finding in the chart is important but does not address the immediate need to assess for other abnormalities.
C: Notifying the health care provider is important, but assessing for other abnormalities should be the nurse's initial priority.
D: Calling for the neonatal resuscitation team is not necessary based solely on the presence of a two-vessel cord; further assessment is needed before determining the need for resuscitation.
The nurse is counseling a couple who just learned their 16-week fetus tested positive for a serious genetic disorder. Which action by the nurse is inappropriate upon learning that the couple plan to continue the pregnancy?
- A. Determine whether termination is still a consideration.
- B. Explain they will experience grief, which is normal.
- C. Provide additional information about the disorder.
- D. Refer them to a disorder-specific support group.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it respects the couple's decision-making autonomy. The nurse should support their choice to continue the pregnancy without suggesting termination. Providing information, emotional support, and connecting them with a support group are appropriate actions. It is crucial to respect the couple's decision and provide compassionate care regardless of their choice. The other choices are incorrect because they may undermine the couple's autonomy and may not be aligned with their wishes.
Identify the health care provided during a home birth. Select all that apply.
- A. labor support
- B. trained birth attendant
- C. neonatal intensive care
- D. breast-feeding assistance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: neonatal intensive care. This is because during a home birth, neonatal intensive care is not provided as it requires specialized medical equipment and expertise typically only available in hospitals. Labor support (A) and trained birth attendant (B) are essential for home births. Breastfeeding assistance (D) may be provided post-birth but is not a defining feature of care during a home birth.