Nokea
During pregnancy, which structure secretes hormones until the placenta takes over?
- A. Decidua basalis
- B. Chorionic villi
- C. Corpus luteum
- D. Syncytiotrophoblast
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The corpus luteum produces hormones until the placenta takes over.
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What is the purpose of the ovum’s zona pellucida?
- A. Prevents multiple sperm from fertilizing the ovum
- B. Stimulates the ovum to begin mitotic cell division
- C. Allows the 46 chromosomes from each gamete to merge
- D. Makes a pathway for more than one sperm to reach the ovum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The zona pellucida is a protective layer surrounding the ovum (egg cell). One of its primary functions is to prevent multiple sperm from fertilizing the egg by only allowing one sperm to penetrate and fertilize the ovum. This is crucial for ensuring that the resulting embryo has the correct genetic material (46 chromosomes) and does not have an abnormal number of chromosomes, which could lead to developmental issues. The zona pellucida acts as a physical barrier that helps to maintain the genetic integrity of the offspring.
The prenatal nurse is discussing fetal circulation with a student nurse. What statement by the student indicates to the prenatal nurse the student understands the information?
- A. The ductus arteriosus attaches the umbilical artery to the hepatic artery.
- B. The ductus venosus attaches the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
- C. The foramen ovale is located in the ventricular septum.
- D. There are two arteries and one vein in the umbilical cord.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The umbilical cord has two arteries and one vein. Other statements about fetal circulation are incorrect.
Fetal circulation includes 3 shunts. Match each shunt to its physiologic action. Ductus arteriosus
- A. Connects the pulmonary artery and the aorta, bypassing the lungs.
- B. Connects the right and left atria.
- C. Connects the right and left ventricles.
- D. Allows the umbilical vein to bypass the liver to flow into the inferior vena cava.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery and aorta.
During a pregnant woman’s second trimester anatomy scan, the fetus was in breech position. The patient is now 34 weeks pregnant and asks how she can tell if the baby is in the right position. What test might be ordered to determine this?
- A. a biophysical profile
- B. an ultrasound
- C. a fetoscopy
- D. a nonstress test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An ultrasound can determine the fetus's position. Other tests are not typically used for this purpose.
What are probable signs of pregnancy? Select all that apply.
- A. amenorrhea
- B. fetal movement
- C. Goodell sign
- D. positive pregnancy test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Probable signs include Goodell sign, positive pregnancy test, and skin hyperpigmentation. Amenorrhea and fetal movement are subjective or definitive signs.