Nokea
In order to increase the absorption of iron by a pregnant patient, which beverage should an iron preparation be given with?
- A. Tea
- B. Milk
- C. Coffee
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To increase iron absorption, it should be taken with Vitamin C. Orange juice is high in Vitamin C, which enhances non-heme iron absorption. Tea and coffee contain tannins that inhibit iron absorption. Milk contains calcium, which can interfere with iron absorption. Therefore, the correct choice is D as it provides the necessary Vitamin C to improve iron absorption.
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Which guidance related to a healthy diet during pregnancy will the nurse provide to a patient in her 1st trimester?
- A. Every day you need to have at least 6 ounces of protein from sources such as meat, fish, eggs, beans, nuts, soybean products, and tofu.'
- B. High-dose vitamin A supplements will promote optimal vision while preventing a common cause of blindness in neonates.'
- C. Meals such as sushi with a cold deli salad made with raw sprouts combine high-fiber foods with protein sources to meet multiple nutritional needs.'
- D. Vitamin and mineral supplements can meet your nutrient needs if you have inadequate intake because of nausea or a sensation of fullness.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: During pregnancy, protein is essential for the growth and development of the fetus, making option A correct.
Step 2: The other options are incorrect due to potential risks. High-dose vitamin A (Option B) can be harmful to the fetus.
Step 3: Consuming raw sprouts (Option C) poses a risk of foodborne illness, which can be dangerous during pregnancy.
Step 4: Relying solely on supplements (Option D) is not recommended as they may not provide all the necessary nutrients found in whole foods.
In summary, option A is correct as it emphasizes the importance of protein intake during pregnancy, while the other options pose potential risks or limitations in meeting nutritional needs.
To determine cultural influences on a patient's diet, what is the nurse's primary action?
- A. Evaluate the patient's weight gain during pregnancy.
- B. Assess the socioeconomic status of the patient.
- C. Discuss the four food groups with the patient.
- D. Identify the food preferences and methods of food preparation common to the patient's culture.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because identifying the food preferences and methods of food preparation common to the patient's culture is crucial in understanding cultural influences on their diet. This step helps the nurse tailor dietary recommendations that align with the patient's cultural background and preferences, promoting better adherence and health outcomes.
Option A is incorrect as weight gain during pregnancy is not directly related to cultural influences on diet. Option B, assessing socioeconomic status, is important but not the primary action for understanding cultural influences on diet. Option C, discussing the four food groups, is too generic and does not specifically address cultural influences on diet.
Which patient would require additional calories and nutrients?
- A. A 36-year-old female gravida 2, para 1, in her first trimester of pregnancy
- B. An 18-year-old female who delivered a 7-lb baby and is bottle feeding
- C. A 23-year-old female who had a cesarean birth and is bottle feeding
- D. A 20-year-old female who had a vaginal birth 5 months ago and is breastfeeding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because breastfeeding requires additional calories and nutrients to support the mother's milk production and maintain her own health. Breastfeeding burns extra calories, so the mother needs to consume more to meet her body's needs. Additionally, breastfeeding mothers need to ensure they are getting enough nutrients like calcium, iron, and protein to support their own health and the production of nutritious breast milk for their baby.
Choice A is incorrect because the patient is in her first trimester of pregnancy, not breastfeeding. Choice B is incorrect because bottle feeding does not require as many additional calories and nutrients as breastfeeding. Choice C is incorrect because although the patient had a cesarean birth, the method of feeding (bottle feeding) does not require as much additional nutrition as breastfeeding.
The nurse is caring for a multigravida client in active labor with continuous epidural anesthesia. When the client is 7 cm dilated, her blood pressure drops to 90/50 mm Hg, and the fetal heart rate shows signs of decelerations. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Place the client in a lateral position.
- B. Administer oxygen via face mask.
- C. Increase the rate of IV fluid infusion.
- D. Notify the healthcare provider.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the client in a lateral position can improve venous return and blood pressure, addressing both maternal hypotension and fetal distress.
Which patient could safely be cared for by a certified nurse-midwife?
- A. Gravida 3, para 2, with no complications
- B. Gravida 1, para 0, with mild hypertension
- C. Gravida 2, para 1, with insulin-dependent diabetes
- D. Gravida 1, para 0, with borderline pelvic measurements
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Certified nurse-midwives care for low-risk women; Gravida 3, para 2, with no complications fits this criterion.