Nokea
The traditional diet of Asian women includes little meat and few dairy products and may be low in calcium and iron. The nurse can assist a patient increase her intake of these foods by which action?
- A. Suggest that she eat more tofu, bok choy, and broccoli.
- B. Suggest that she eat more hot foods during pregnancy.
- C. Emphasize the need for increased milk intake during pregnancy.
- D. Tell her husband that she must increase her intake of fruits and vegetables for the baby's sake.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
A: Tofu, bok choy, and broccoli are rich sources of calcium and iron, suitable for Asian diets low in these nutrients.
B: Eating hot foods during pregnancy does not specifically address increasing intake of calcium and iron.
C: Traditional Asian diets often do not emphasize milk consumption, and not all individuals can digest milk well.
D: Fruits and vegetables are important but not specific sources of calcium and iron. Also, dietary changes should be made by the individual, not someone else.
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The nurse is meeting with a patient with an elevated BMI regarding an optimal diet for pregnancy. Which major source of nutrients should be a significant component of this patient's diet?
- A. Fats
- B. Fiber
- C. Simple sugars
- D. Complex carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Complex carbohydrates. During pregnancy, complex carbohydrates provide essential energy, fiber, vitamins, and minerals for both the mother and the developing baby. They help regulate blood sugar levels and provide sustained energy. Fats, although important, should be consumed in moderation. Fiber is crucial for digestive health but is not the major source of nutrients during pregnancy. Simple sugars should be limited as they provide empty calories and can lead to blood sugar spikes. Therefore, complex carbohydrates are the optimal choice for this patient's diet during pregnancy.
The RN is delegating tasks to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which tasks can the nurse delegate?
- A. Teaching the patient about breast care
- B. Assessment of a patient's lochia and perineal area
- C. Assisting a patient to the bathroom for the first time after birth
- D. Vital signs on a postpartum patient who delivered the night before
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nurses can delegate stable, routine tasks like taking vital signs or assisting with noncritical activities but cannot delegate assessments or teaching.
A pregnant patient would like to know which foods, other than dairy products, contain the most calcium. Which food group would the nurse recommend?
- A. Legumes
- B. Lean meat
- C. Whole grains
- D. Yellow vegetables
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Legumes. Legumes such as chickpeas, lentils, and beans are rich sources of calcium. They provide a plant-based alternative for calcium intake. Legumes are also high in fiber, protein, and other essential nutrients beneficial for pregnancy. Lean meat (B) and yellow vegetables (D) are not significant sources of calcium. While whole grains (C) offer some calcium, they are not as high in calcium content as legumes. Therefore, for a pregnant patient looking to increase calcium intake without relying on dairy products, legumes are the most recommended food group.
A multigravida client arrives at the labor and delivery unit and tells the nurse that her bag of water has broken. The nurse identifies the presence of meconium fluid on the perineum and determines the fetal heart rate is between 140 to 150 beats/minute. What action should the nurse implement next?
- A. Complete a sterile vaginal exam
- B. Take maternal temperature every 2 hours
- C. Prepare for an immediate cesarean birth
- D. Obtain sterile suction equipment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A vaginal exam (A) should be performed after the rupture of membranes to determine the presence of a prolapsed cord.
A patient in her fifth month of pregnancy asks the nurse, 'How many more calories should I be eating daily?' What is the correct response by the nurse?
- A. 180 more calories a day
- B. 340 more calories a day
- C. 452 more calories a day
- D. 500 more calories a day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response is B: 340 more calories a day. During the second trimester, an additional 340 calories per day is recommended for pregnant women. This ensures proper nutrition for both the mother and the developing fetus. Option A (180 more calories) may not provide enough energy for the needs of pregnancy. Options C (452 more calories) and D (500 more calories) are excessive and could lead to unnecessary weight gain, which may pose risks during pregnancy. Option B strikes a balanced approach to support the increased energy demands of pregnancy without being excessive.