Nokea
A pregnant patient with a history of anemia is asking the nurse about managing iron deficiency. Which of the following statements by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Iron supplements should be taken with milk for better absorption.
- B. Iron supplements should be taken with a source of vitamin C to enhance absorption.
- C. Iron supplements should be avoided during the second trimester.
- D. Iron supplements should be taken at night before bed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iron supplements should be taken with a source of vitamin C to enhance absorption. Iron absorption is increased in the presence of vitamin C. Vitamin C helps convert iron into a more absorbable form. This is crucial for managing iron deficiency anemia in pregnant patients.
Incorrect choices:
A: Iron supplements should not be taken with milk as calcium in milk can hinder iron absorption.
C: Iron supplements are safe to take throughout pregnancy, and avoiding them during the second trimester is not recommended.
D: There is no specific recommendation to take iron supplements at night before bed; it can be taken at any time of the day.
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A pregnant patient who is 28 weeks gestation reports a sudden increase in vaginal discharge. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Instruct the patient to use a sanitary pad and monitor for any changes.
- B. Assess the discharge for characteristics such as color, odor, and consistency.
- C. Encourage the patient to rest and avoid physical activity for 24 hours.
- D. Call the healthcare provider immediately to report the increase in discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the discharge for characteristics such as color, odor, and consistency. This is the priority action because sudden changes in vaginal discharge during pregnancy could indicate a potential infection or other complications that need to be promptly addressed. By assessing the characteristics of the discharge, the nurse can gather important information to determine the appropriate next steps, whether it requires immediate medical attention or can be managed with monitoring.
Choice A is incorrect because simply using a sanitary pad and monitoring for changes does not address the underlying cause of the increased discharge. Choice C is incorrect as rest alone may not address the potential issue with the discharge. Choice D is also incorrect because while contacting the healthcare provider is important, assessing the discharge first provides crucial information for a more informed discussion with the provider.
The nurse is providing education to a patient who has given birth to her first child and is being discharged home. The patient expressed concern regarding infant mortality and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy, labor, and vaginal delivery. She has a body mass index of 25 and has no other health conditions. The infant is healthy and was delivered full-term. What will be most helpful thing to explain to the patient?
- A. Uses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO)
- B. Uses of exogenous pulmonary surfactant
- C. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
- D. The Safe to Sleep campaign
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The Safe to Sleep campaign aims to educate parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the risk of SIDS.
Step 2: Given the patient's concerns about infant mortality and SIDS, providing education on safe sleep practices is pertinent.
Step 3: The patient had an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery, so other interventions like ECMO or surfactant are not relevant.
Step 4: The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative focuses on promoting breastfeeding, which is not directly related to reducing the risk of SIDS.
Step 5: Therefore, explaining the Safe to Sleep campaign to the patient is the most helpful in addressing her concerns and promoting infant safety.
During a vaginal birth, a birthing person experienced a second-degree perineal laceration. What is a characteristic of a second-degree laceration?
- A. It involves only the vaginal mucosa.
- B. It extends through the vaginal and perineal muscles.
- C. It is the least severe type of laceration.
- D. It does not require suturing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a second-degree perineal laceration extends through the vaginal mucosa and perineal muscles. First, a second-degree laceration involves more than just the vaginal mucosa, as it also affects the perineal muscles. This type of laceration is more severe than a first-degree laceration, which only involves the vaginal mucosa. Second, due to the involvement of deeper structures like the perineal muscles, suturing is typically required to promote proper healing and prevent complications. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A and C are incorrect because a second-degree laceration involves more than just the vaginal mucosa and is not the least severe type of laceration. Choice D is incorrect because suturing is usually necessary for second-degree lacerations.
Which food is the best source of iron?
- A. Raisins
- B. Hamburger
- C. Broccoli
- D. Molasses
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hamburger is rich in heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme sources like raisins or molasses.
A nurse is caring for a postpartum person who is at risk for infection. What is the most important intervention to reduce the risk of infection?
- A. administer antibiotics
- B. apply a sterile dressing
- C. perform a vaginal exam
- D. administer pain relief
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (administer antibiotics)
Rationale:
1. Administering antibiotics targets potential infection-causing pathogens directly.
2. Antibiotics help prevent the spread of infection within the body.
3. Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used postpartum for high-risk individuals.
4. This intervention directly addresses the root cause of infection risk.
Summary:
B: Applying a sterile dressing is important for wound care but doesn't target systemic infection risk.
C: Performing a vaginal exam can introduce pathogens and increase infection risk.
D: Administering pain relief is important for comfort but doesn't directly reduce infection risk.