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A nurse is educating a pregnant patient about preeclampsia. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I should report sudden swelling in my hands, face, or feet.
- B. I should monitor my blood pressure and avoid excessive salt in my diet.
- C. I should expect occasional headaches and dizziness as normal symptoms of pregnancy.
- D. I should contact my healthcare provider if I experience sudden vision changes or severe headaches.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is incorrect because headaches and dizziness are not considered normal symptoms of pregnancy, especially when accompanied by other signs of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia can cause headaches and dizziness due to high blood pressure. Choices A, B, and D are correct as they highlight important signs and symptoms of preeclampsia that the patient should report to their healthcare provider promptly.
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A patient asks the nurse when her infant’s heart will begin to pump blood. What will the nurse reply?
- A. By the end of week 3
- B. Beginning in week 8
- C. At the end of week 16
- D. Beginning in week 24
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fetal heart begins to pump by week 3 of gestation.
What factor should the nurse consider when counseling a Chinese immigrant?
- A. Many Chinese eat little protein
- B. Many Chinese believe in eating cold foods
- C. Many Chinese are prone to anemia
- D. Many Chinese believe strawberries cause birth defects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cultural beliefs, such as the idea that strawberries might cause birth defects, should be considered to provide culturally sensitive care.
A pregnant patient is at 30 weeks gestation and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which of the following is a key sign that the nurse should monitor for?
- A. Frequent urination and excessive thirst
- B. Nausea and vomiting after meals
- C. Increased appetite and weight gain
- D. Fatigue and dizziness during physical activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frequent urination and excessive thirst. In gestational diabetes, the body may not be able to produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. The excess sugar in the blood can cause increased thirst and frequent urination as the body tries to eliminate the sugar through urine. This is a key sign that the nurse should monitor for in a pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation. Nausea and vomiting after meals (B) are more commonly associated with morning sickness in early pregnancy. Increased appetite and weight gain (C) can occur during pregnancy but are not specific signs of gestational diabetes. Fatigue and dizziness during physical activity (D) can be common in pregnancy due to hormonal changes and increased demands on the body but are not specific to gestational diabetes.
A woman in labor has a history of previous cesarean section. What is the most important factor to monitor for during this labor?
- A. Uterine rupture
- B. Maternal hypotension
- C. Fetal malpresentation
- D. Prolonged labor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine rupture. The most important factor to monitor in a woman with a history of previous cesarean section is the risk of uterine rupture during labor. Uterine rupture is a serious complication that can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage for both the mother and the baby. Monitoring for signs such as sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, and cessation of contractions is crucial. Maternal hypotension (Choice B) is important but not as critical as uterine rupture. Fetal malpresentation (Choice C) and prolonged labor (Choice D) are important factors to monitor but do not pose the same level of immediate risk as uterine rupture in this situation.
The nurse’s role in diagnostic testing is to provide which of the following?
- A. Advice to the couple
- B. Information about the tests
- C. Reassurance about fetal safety
- D. Assistance with decision making
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's role is to provide all necessary information regarding a procedure to enable the couple to make an informed decision.