Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System related questions and content

The term "blue bloater" refers to which of the following conditions?

  • A. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
  • B. Asthma
  • C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis
  • D. Emphysema
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic obstructive bronchitis. The term "blue bloater" is a classic descriptor used in the context of chronic obstructive bronchitis. It refers to patients who exhibit cyanosis (blue discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen) and are often overweight and edematous. This term is used to differentiate from "pink puffers" who have emphysema. Both conditions are part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the "blue bloater" presentation is more characteristic of chronic bronchitis due to the chronic hypoxia and retained carbon dioxide.

Now, let's evaluate why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) typically presents with severe difficulty breathing and rapid onset of respiratory failure. It is not referred to as a "blue bloater."
B: Asthma is characterized by reversible airway obstruction and wheezing, usually triggered by allergens or irrit

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The abnormal assessment findings of dullness and hyperresonance are found with which assessment technique?

  • A. Inspection
  • B. Palpation
  • C. Percussion
  • D. Auscultation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because dullness and hyperresonance are abnormal assessment findings that are identified through percussion techniques.

The nurse is assessing a newly admitted medical patient and notes there is a depression in the lower portion of the patient's sternum. This patient's health record should note the presence of what chest deformity?

  • A. A barrel chest
  • B. A funnel chest
  • C. A pigeon chest
  • D. Kyphoscoliosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: A funnel chest. A funnel chest, also known as pectus excavatum, is characterized by a depression in the lower portion of the sternum. This deformity causes the chest to appear sunken or caved in. The other choices are incorrect because: A) A barrel chest is associated with COPD and is characterized by an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the chest. C) A pigeon chest, also known as pectus carinatum, is characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. D) Kyphoscoliosis is a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis, involving both a curvature of the spine and rotation of the vertebrae.

Which metal ion is often present in the active site of carbonic anhydrase enzymes?

  • A. Iron (Fe)
  • B. Calcium (Ca)
  • C. Zinc (Zn)
  • D. Magnesium (Mg)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Zinc (Zn). Zinc is often present in the active site of carbonic anhydrase enzymes because it plays a crucial role in catalyzing the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. Zinc ions have the appropriate coordination geometry and charge to facilitate this reaction efficiently. Iron (Fe) is not typically found in the active site of carbonic anhydrase enzymes. Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) do not have the appropriate properties to serve as the catalytic metal ion in this enzyme. Therefore, zinc (Zn) is the correct answer due to its specific role and properties in the catalytic mechanism of carbonic anhydrase enzymes.

A nurse in a medical unit is caring for a client with heart failure. The client suddenly develops extreme dyspnea,tachycardia and lung crackles. The nurse immediately asks another nurse to contact the primary health care provider and prepares to implement ALL priority interventions EXCEPT?

  • A. Administer oxygen
  • B. Administer furosemide (diuretic)
  • C. Transport to coronary care unit
  • D. Obtain stat Hepatic Panel
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Option C, transporting the client to the coronary care unit, is not the priority intervention because the client is presenting with acute pulmonary edema, a sign of worsening heart failure. Administering oxygen (Option A) is crucial to improve oxygenation. Administering furosemide (Option B) helps reduce fluid overload. Obtaining a stat Hepatic Panel (Option D) may be necessary to assess liver function due to medication side effects. However, immediate actions to address respiratory distress and tachycardia take precedence over moving the client to another unit.

A medical patient rings her call bell and expresses alarm to the nurse, stating, 'I've just coughed up this blood. That can't be good, can it?' How can the nurse best determine whether the source of the blood was the patient's lungs?

  • A. Obtain a sample and test the pH of the blood, if possible.
  • B. Try to see if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus.
  • C. Perform oral suctioning to see if blood is obtained.
  • D. Swab the back of the patient's throat to see if blood is present.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Try to see if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus. By observing if the blood is frothy or mixed with mucus, the nurse can determine if the source is more likely to be from the lungs, as blood from the lungs is often frothy due to air mixing with it during coughing. This observation helps differentiate between blood coming from the respiratory tract versus other sources in the body.

Incorrect choices:
A: Testing the pH of the blood does not directly indicate the source of the blood in this context.
C: Performing oral suctioning may not provide accurate information about the source of the blood.
D: Swabbing the back of the throat may not help determine if the blood is coming from the lungs as it could be from other sources in the upper respiratory tract.

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