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The nursing student inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a female patient prior to surgery. Which of the following would require immediate intervention by the RN?
- A. The patient states she feels the need to urinate.
- B. Patient reports a pinching sensation as the catheter is advanced.
- C. The student nurse notes resistance when inflating the balloon.
- D. The student separates the labia majora and labia minora with non-dominant hand.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Resistance when inflating the catheter balloon (C) suggests improper placement (e.g., in urethra), risking trauma, requiring immediate RN intervention. Urge to urinate (A) and pinching (B) are normal, and labia separation (D) is correct technique.
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A nurse is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- A. A client with a blood glucose of 250 mg/dL [70–100 mg/dL, 4.0–5.6 mmol/L] who is requesting insulin coverage.
- B. A client post-thyroidectomy with a hoarse voice and difficulty speaking.
- C. A client with pneumonia reporting shortness of breath after ambulating.
- D. A client post-cholecystectomy requesting pain medication for a pain score of 7/10 on the Numerical Rating Scale.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hoarse voice and difficulty speaking post-thyroidectomy (B) suggest possible laryngeal nerve damage or hypocalcemia, life-threatening complications requiring immediate assessment. High glucose (A), shortness of breath (C), and pain (D) are less acute.
The nurse has obtained assistance from a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/VN). Which tasks would be appropriate for the RN to delegate to the LPN/VN? Select all that apply.
- A. performing tracheostomy care
- B. initiate a transfusion of packed red blood cells
- C. flushing a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
- D. inserting an indwelling urinary catheter
- E. administer enteral feedings via nasogastric tube
- F. titrate a medication
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale: LPNs can perform tracheostomy care (A), flush PICCs (C), insert urinary catheters (D), and administer enteral feedings (E) per scope of practice. Initiating blood transfusions (B) and titrating medications (F) require RN judgment due to potential complications and dose adjustments.
The nurse is planning client assignments in the mental health unit. Which task should the nurse delegate to the licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/VN)?
- A. conduct a suicide assessment on a newly admitted client
- B. administering prescribed lithium to a client with bipolar disorder
- C. leading a group therapy session for clients with depressive disorders
- D. monitoring a client who is talking on the phone to a family member
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering prescribed lithium (B) is within the LPN’s scope, involving medication administration to a stable client. Suicide assessment (A) and group therapy (B) require RN expertise, and monitoring phone calls (C) is a UAP task, making these inappropriate for LPN delegation (D).
The nurse is teaching a leadership and management course and is discussing client referrals. Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of referrals?
- A. Allows the nurse to demonstrate their leadership abilities.
- B. Care is appropriately routed to an individual or discipline.
- C. Ensures that care is unilateral and cost-effective.
- D. Focuses on empowering the client's decision making.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Referrals (B) ensure care is directed to the appropriate specialist or discipline to meet the client’s needs effectively. Demonstrating leadership (A) is secondary. Referrals do not ensure unilateral care (C) and are not primarily about client empowerment (D), though they may support it.
The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for an infant who is choking on a foreign object. On assessment, the infant is conscious and not making any noises. The nurse should immediately
- A. begin chest compressions at 100-120/minute.
- B. attempt a blind finger sweep in the mouth.
- C. perform abdominal thrusts.
- D. give five back blows and five chest thrusts.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a conscious choking infant, five back blows followed by five chest thrusts (D) is the standard intervention to dislodge the foreign object, per pediatric advanced life support guidelines. Chest compressions (A) are for unresponsive infants, blind finger sweeps (B) risk pushing the object deeper, and abdominal thrusts (C) are not used in infants due to injury risk.