Nokea
Barium enema is a drug used for :
- A. diagnosis;
- B. prevention;
- C. contraception;
- D. stimulation ;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Barium enema is a diagnostic imaging test used to examine the large intestine (colon and rectum). It involves the administration of a contrast material containing barium into the colon through the rectum, followed by X-rays to produce clear images of the colon's lining. This procedure helps in the diagnosis of various conditions such as colon polyps, diverticulosis, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, barium enema is primarily used for diagnostic purposes, not for prevention, contraception, stimulation, or treatment of conditions.
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Which of the following medications would you administer for an overdose of acetaminophen?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Vitamin K
- C. Acetylcysteine
- D. Atropine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetylcysteine is the specific antidote for acetaminophen overdose. Acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol) toxicity can cause severe liver damage if not treated promptly. Acetylcysteine works by replenishing the depleted glutathione stores in the liver, helping to prevent liver damage and improving the patient's outcome. Naloxone is used for opioid overdose, vitamin K for reversing the effects of certain anticoagulants, and atropine for specific heart and nerve related conditions.
Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that increases cardiac output and slows heart rate?
- A. Heparin
- B. Alprazola
- C. Digoxin
- D. Levothyroxine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure and certain types of irregular heartbeats. It works by increasing the force of contraction of the heart muscle, thereby increasing cardiac output. Additionally, digoxin also has the ability to slow down the heart rate, making it helpful in conditions such as atrial fibrillation. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clot formation, while Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety disorders. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication to treat hypothyroidism. None of these drugs have the therapeutic effects of increasing cardiac output and slowing heart rate like digoxin.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the patient to monitor and report which of the following adverse e昀昀ects? ( select all the apply)
- A. Fatigue
- B. Constipation
- C. Anorexia
- D. Rash
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Fatigue: Digoxin, a medication commonly used to treat heart conditions, can cause side effects such as fatigue. Patients taking Digoxin should monitor and report any unusual fatigue or weakness to their healthcare provider.
Which patient-teaching instructions are appropriate for a patient taking an antidysrhythmic drug? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Do not chew or crush extende
- B. release forms of medication.
- C. Take the medication with food if gastrointestinal distress occurs.
- D. If a dose is missed, the missed dose should be taken along with the next dose that is due to be taken.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Do not chew or crush extended-release forms of medication. This is an appropriate instruction because chewing or crushing extended-release forms of medication can alter their intended time-release action, leading to an overdose or underdose.
A patient is receiving an IV infusion of a thrombolytic drug during treatment for an acute MI. The nurse notices that there is a slight amount of bleeding from the antecubital area where venous lab work was drawn. What will the nurse do first?
- A. Monitor the site for further bleeding.
- B. Apply pressure to the site with a gauze pa
- D. Slow the rate of infusion of the thrombolytic drug.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applying pressure to the site with a gauze pad is the first action the nurse should take when noticing bleeding from the antecubital area. This will help control the bleeding and prevent further blood loss. Monitoring the site for further bleeding is important, but immediate intervention by applying pressure is necessary to address the issue. Slowing the rate of infusion of the thrombolytic drug or stopping the infusion should be considered if bleeding continues despite applying pressure or if there are signs of significant bleeding or hemorrhage.