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During a home visit, the PHN bag is a crucial tool for providing nursing care. The most important principle in bag technique states that it:
- A. Should save time and effort
- B. Should minimize, if not totally prevent, the spread of infection
- C. Should not overshadow concern for the patient and their family
- D. May be done in a variety of ways depending on the home situation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Should minimize, if not totally prevent, the spread of infection. The bag technique in home visits is crucial to prevent the spread of infections between different households. By ensuring that all equipment is properly sanitized and stored in the bag, the risk of contamination is minimized. This approach follows the principles of infection control and promotes patient safety. The other choices are incorrect because: A does not prioritize infection control, C is important but not the primary focus of the bag technique, and D undermines the importance of consistency in infection prevention.
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What process is required for population-focused nursing practice?
- A. Community organizing
- B. Nursing process
- C. Community diagnosis
- D. Epidemiologic process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Community diagnosis. This process involves assessing the health needs and concerns of a specific population to develop targeted interventions. Community organizing (A) focuses on mobilizing community members for advocacy. The nursing process (B) is a framework for individualized care. Epidemiologic process (D) is about studying disease patterns in populations. Community diagnosis is essential for population-focused nursing as it helps identify priority health issues and develop evidence-based interventions.
What is an advantage of conducting a home visit?
- A. It enables the nurse to provide nursing care to a greater number of people
- B. It provides an opportunity to conduct a firsthand appraisal of the home situation
- C. It allows sharing of experiences among people with similar health problems
- D. It fosters the family's initiative in providing for the health needs of its members
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting a home visit allows the nurse to assess the patient's living environment, identify potential health hazards, and understand the patient's home situation, which can influence their health. This firsthand appraisal helps tailor care plans to the individual's needs, ensuring better outcomes.
Choice A is incorrect because home visits typically involve personalized care for individual patients, not a greater number of people. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to group experiences rather than individual assessments during home visits. Choice D is incorrect as fostering family initiative is not the primary advantage of conducting a home visit; it is about assessing the home environment for better care planning.
The number of cases of Dengue fever usually increases towards the end of the rainy season. This pattern of occurrence of Dengue fever is best described as:
- A. Epidemic occurrence
- B. Cyclical variation
- C. Sporadic occurrence
- D. Secular occurrence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Cyclical variation refers to a pattern that repeats at regular intervals.
Step 2: The increase in Dengue fever cases at the end of the rainy season is a recurring pattern.
Step 3: The rise in cases is linked to the environmental conditions during the rainy season.
Step 4: This cyclic increase in cases is not a sudden outbreak (epidemic) or random (sporadic).
Step 5: Secular occurrence refers to long-term trends, not short-term patterns like the end of a season.
Summary: Choice B is correct because the pattern of Dengue fever cases increasing at the end of the rainy season aligns with cyclical variation, unlike the other options which do not accurately describe this specific pattern.
Which type of family-nurse contact will provide you with the best opportunity to observe family dynamics?
- A. Clinic consultation
- B. Group conferences
- C. Home visit
- D. Written communication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Home visit. This type of family-nurse contact offers the best opportunity to observe family dynamics as it allows the nurse to witness interactions, relationships, and environment firsthand. During a home visit, the nurse can observe family members' roles, communication patterns, living conditions, and support systems, providing valuable insights into their dynamics.
A: Clinic consultation limits observation to a brief encounter in a controlled setting.
B: Group conferences involve multiple families, making it challenging to focus on individual family dynamics.
D: Written communication lacks the depth and richness of in-person interactions needed to observe family dynamics accurately.
On the other hand, Operation Timbang is _____ prevention?
- A. Primary
- B. Secondary
- C. Intermediate
- D. Tertiary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary. Operation Timbang involves early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of malnutrition, which falls under secondary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a health issue, while tertiary prevention focuses on managing and reducing the impact of an existing health problem. Intermediate prevention is not a recognized category in public health. In summary, Operation Timbang is focused on early detection and intervention, making it a form of secondary prevention.