Nokea
What is the primary benefit of administering Vitamin A to children?
- A. To improve bone health
- B. To boost the immune system
- C. To enhance cognitive development
- D. To prevent anemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To boost the immune system. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system by supporting the production and function of white blood cells. This helps the body fight off infections and illnesses. Administering Vitamin A to children can help prevent deficiencies and strengthen their immune response.
Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Vitamin D is more closely associated with improving bone health, not Vitamin A.
C: Cognitive development is primarily influenced by nutrients like iron and omega-3 fatty acids, rather than Vitamin A.
D: Anemia is usually prevented by iron supplementation, not Vitamin A.
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What is the recommended duration for exclusive breastfeeding according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?
- A. 3 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 9 months
- D. 12 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended by WHO for the first 6 months of a baby's life. This is because breast milk provides all the essential nutrients and antibodies needed for a baby's optimal growth and development during this critical period. Introducing other foods or liquids before 6 months can increase the risk of infections and allergies in infants. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the WHO guidelines for exclusive breastfeeding duration.
Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
- A. Low cholesterol levels
- B. Physical inactivity
- C. Low blood pressure
- D. Adequate sleep
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Physical inactivity. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases because regular exercise helps maintain a healthy heart and blood vessels. It reduces the risk of developing conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity, which are all linked to cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, choices A, C, and D are not major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Low cholesterol levels (A) are usually considered beneficial for heart health, low blood pressure (C) is generally a sign of good cardiovascular health, and while adequate sleep (D) is important for overall well-being, it is not directly linked to cardiovascular diseases.
What is the primary focus of community health nursing?
- A. Individual patient care
- B. Hospital-based care
- C. Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention
- D. Specialized medical treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention. Community health nursing focuses on promoting health and preventing diseases within the community as a whole through education, advocacy, and collaboration. This includes addressing social determinants of health and implementing population-based interventions. Choice A is incorrect because community health nursing goes beyond individual patient care. Choice B is incorrect as it is more focused on acute care within hospital settings. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to specialized medical treatment rather than the broader scope of community health nursing. In summary, the primary focus of community health nursing is on improving the health of the entire community through preventative measures and health promotion initiatives.
Which of the following practices is essential for preventing the spread of healthcare-associated infections?
- A. Frequent handwashing
- B. Sharing medical equipment
- C. Reducing patient turnover
- D. Increasing hospital bed capacity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Frequent handwashing. Handwashing is essential for preventing the spread of healthcare-associated infections as it helps remove and kill harmful bacteria and viruses. By washing hands regularly, healthcare workers can reduce the risk of transmitting infections between patients. Sharing medical equipment (B) can actually increase the spread of infections. Reducing patient turnover (C) can help minimize exposure, but without proper hand hygiene, infections can still spread. Increasing hospital bed capacity (D) is unrelated to preventing infections. Therefore, A is the most effective practice for infection control.
When educating a mother about the benefits of breastfeeding, what should be included?
- A. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
- B. Breastfeeding provides passive immunity to the infant.
- C. Breastfeeding increases the mother's risk of breast cancer.
- D. Breastfeeding delays the return of menstruation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Breastfeeding provides passive immunity to the infant. Breast milk contains antibodies that help protect the baby from infections. This passive immunity is crucial for the infant's developing immune system.
A: Breastfeeding does not directly reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
C: Breastfeeding is actually associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer.
D: Breastfeeding can delay the return of menstruation due to hormonal changes, but this is not the main benefit of breastfeeding.
In summary, the key benefit of breastfeeding is providing passive immunity to the infant, which is crucial for their health and development.