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When alprazolam is prescribed for a patient who experiences acute anxiety, health teaching should include instructions to
- A. report drowsiness.
- B. eat a tyramine-free diet.
- C. avoid alcoholic beverages.
- D. adjust dose and frequency based on anxiety level.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: avoid alcoholic beverages. This is because alprazolam is a central nervous system depressant, and alcohol also has depressant effects. Combining the two can potentiate sedation and respiratory depression. Reporting drowsiness (A) is important but not specific to alprazolam. Eating a tyramine-free diet (B) is relevant for certain medications like MAOIs, not alprazolam. Adjusting dose and frequency based on anxiety level (D) is not recommended as it can lead to misuse or dependence.
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Which statement shows a nurse has empathy for a patient who made a suicide attempt?
- A. "You must have been very upset when you tried to hurt yourself."
- B. "It makes me sad to see you going through such a difficult experience."
- C. "If you tell me what is troubling you, I can help you solve your problems."
- D. "Suicide is a drastic solution to a problem that may not be such a serious matter."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it directly acknowledges the patient's emotions and perspective without judgment. It shows understanding and validation of the patient's feelings, indicating empathy. Choice B focuses on the nurse's feelings, not the patient's. Choice C offers a solution without addressing the patient's emotional state. Choice D minimizes the seriousness of the patient's situation and lacks empathy. Overall, choice A demonstrates the most empathetic response by recognizing and empathizing with the patient's emotional distress.
A client with a long history of alcohol use disorder has been diagnosed with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. With which member of the mental health-care team would the nurse collaborate to meet this client's described need?
- A. The psychiatrist to obtain an order for neurocognitive disorder medications.
- B. The psychologist to set up counseling sessions to explore stressors.
- C. The dietitian to help the client increase consumption of thiamine-rich foods.
- D. The social worker to plan transportation to Alcoholics Anonymous.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The dietitian to help the client increase consumption of thiamine-rich foods. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is caused by thiamine deficiency, commonly seen in individuals with alcohol use disorder. Thiamine supplementation is essential in managing this condition. Collaborating with a dietitian can ensure the client receives proper education and guidance on increasing thiamine intake through diet.
Incorrect choices:
A: The psychiatrist for neurocognitive disorder medications - While medications may be prescribed for symptoms, addressing the underlying thiamine deficiency is crucial.
B: The psychologist for counseling sessions - Counseling can be beneficial, but addressing the nutritional deficiency is a priority.
D: The social worker for transportation to AA - Important for ongoing support, but addressing the nutritional needs comes first to manage Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
A nurse is working with a client with co-occurring disorders who is in the early stages of recovery. The client has been abstained from using alcohol for the past 3 weeks. During a follow-up visit, the nurse is working on teaching the client about the effects of alcohol on his body. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to keep in mind about the client?
- A. The client will be highly suggestible to information
- B. being unable to reason critically.
- C. The alcohol abuse has destroyed the brain cells that are necessary for learning.
- D. Some cognitive impairment may be present that hinders his ability to learn new things.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. In clients with co-occurring disorders in early recovery, cognitive impairment from alcohol use may hinder their ability to learn new things. This is crucial to consider as it directly impacts the client's learning process. Option A is incorrect as suggestibility is not the main concern in this scenario. Option B is incorrect as critical reasoning ability is not the primary focus. Option C is incorrect as brain cells can regenerate, and not all are destroyed by alcohol abuse. Therefore, understanding and addressing potential cognitive impairment is key for effective teaching and support in the client's recovery journey.
A client diagnosed with complex somatic symptom disorder and depression is prescribed medication therapy to treat both the pain and the symptoms of depression. When teaching the client about the medication, which of the following would the nurse emphasize?
- A. Need for signing a no-suicide contract
- B. Avoidance of foods that contain aged cheese
- C. Use of sunscreen when exposed to bright sunlight
- D. Limiting of the amount of water ingested
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoidance of foods that contain aged cheese. Aged cheese contains tyramine, which can interact with certain medications used to treat depression, such as MAOIs. This interaction can lead to a dangerous increase in blood pressure known as a hypertensive crisis. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to avoid foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheese, to prevent this potentially life-threatening reaction. Signing a no-suicide contract (choice A) is important but not directly related to medication teaching. Using sunscreen (choice C) and limiting water intake (choice D) are not relevant considerations for this medication regimen.
While caring for a family, the nurse determines that first-order changes have occurred with which of the following?
- A. The children are all in school, and the parent returns to work.
- B. The daughter leaves home to attend college.
- C. The son marries his long-time sweetheart and moves into his own home.
- D. The grandmother who has been living in the household dies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because first-order changes refer to small, incremental adjustments within the system. In this scenario, the parent returning to work while the children are all in school signifies a gradual shift in the family dynamic. The other choices involve significant and more disruptive changes like a daughter leaving for college, a son getting married and moving out, and the death of a family member, which are considered second-order changes that lead to more substantial shifts in the family system.