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What is the primary goal of palliative care?
- A. To cure the client's illness.
- B. To prolong the client's life.
- C. To provide comfort and improve the quality of life.
- D. To prepare the client for surgery.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of palliative care is to provide comfort and improve the quality of life for clients with serious illnesses. Palliative care aims to address physical, emotional, and spiritual needs to enhance overall well-being rather than focusing on curing the underlying illness, prolonging life, or preparing for surgery. It emphasizes symptom management, pain relief, and support for patients and their families to ensure a better quality of life during the course of their illness.
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A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is receiving teaching from a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take my insulin only if my blood sugar is above 200 mg/dL.
- B. I will eat a snack before exercising.
- C. I will avoid all carbohydrates.
- D. I will check my blood sugar once a week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eating a snack before exercising is crucial for managing blood sugar levels and preventing hypoglycemia in individuals with diabetes. Exercising on an empty stomach can lead to low blood sugar levels, but consuming a snack before physical activity helps stabilize blood sugar and provides energy for the body. This proactive approach demonstrates the client's understanding of the importance of managing blood sugar levels during physical activity.
When planning to perform a sterile dressing change for a client, which of the following actions should a healthcare professional take?
- A. Wear sterile gloves to remove the old dressing.
- B. Cleanse the wound with an antiseptic solution.
- C. Use clean gloves to apply the new dressing.
- D. Open sterile supplies before donning sterile gloves.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Opening sterile supplies before donning sterile gloves is a critical step in maintaining the sterility of the supplies during a dressing change procedure. By doing so, the healthcare professional ensures that they do not touch non-sterile surfaces with their hands once sterile gloves are worn, reducing the risk of introducing pathogens to the wound and minimizing the potential for contamination.
A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has fluid volume overload. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Hypotension.
- B. Bradycardia.
- C. Crackles in the lungs.
- D. Flat neck veins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crackles in the lungs are a classic sign of fluid volume overload. When there is an excess of fluid in the lungs, it can manifest as crackling sounds upon auscultation. This finding indicates the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lungs, which is a common manifestation of fluid volume overload.
What is the primary purpose of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?
- A. To provide health insurance coverage for all Americans.
- B. To ensure the confidentiality of health information.
- C. To reduce the cost of healthcare.
- D. To increase access to healthcare services.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary purpose of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is to ensure the confidentiality and security of health information. HIPAA establishes national standards to protect individuals' medical records and other personal health information. By safeguarding the privacy of health data, HIPAA aims to maintain the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive patient information, preventing unauthorized access and disclosure. This focus on privacy and security helps build trust between patients and healthcare providers, ensuring that personal health information is handled responsibly and ethically.
During discharge instructions, a client with a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) states, 'I will shake the inhaler before each use.' Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will shake the inhaler before each use.
- B. I will use the inhaler immediately after meals.
- C. I will inhale the medication quickly.
- D. I will clean the mouthpiece with alcohol.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because shaking the inhaler before each use ensures that the medication is properly mixed, which is essential for effective administration. This action helps to disperse the medication evenly, enhancing its efficacy when inhaled. Proper mixing through shaking prevents inconsistent dosing and ensures that the client receives the correct amount of medication with each use.