Nokea
Heparin sodium is prescribed for the client. The nurse expects that the healthcare provider will prescribe which of the following to monitor for a therapeutic effect of the medication?
- A. Hematocrit level
- B. Hemoglobin level
- C. Prothrombin time (PT)
- D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of heparin sodium. Heparin affects the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, and monitoring aPTT helps ensure the medication is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation. Hematocrit and hemoglobin levels assess red blood cell concentrations, while prothrombin time (PT) is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of warfarin sodium, a different anticoagulant that affects the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.
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A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
- A. Avoid taking folic acid supplements.
- B. Report any signs of infection immediately.
- C. Take the medication with a full meal.
- D. Limit fluid intake while on this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the client's teaching plan when taking methotrexate is to report any signs of infection immediately. Methotrexate can suppress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. It is important for the client to promptly report any signs of infection to receive timely medical intervention. Additionally, the client should actually take folic acid supplements to reduce side effects, take the medication on an empty stomach if tolerated, and maintain adequate fluid intake to prevent complications.
The client with metastatic breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value while the client is taking this medication?
- A. Glucose level
- B. Calcium level
- C. Potassium level
- D. Prothrombin time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium level. Tamoxifen may increase calcium levels, leading to hypercalcemia. Symptoms of hypercalcemia include increased urine volume, excessive thirst, nausea, vomiting, constipation, muscle weakness, and bone pain. Monitoring serum calcium levels is essential to detect and manage this potential side effect.
A client is receiving furosemide (Lasix) and is being discharged. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Avoid potassium-rich foods.
- B. Take the medication in the morning.
- C. Change positions slowly to prevent dizziness.
- D. Maintain a restricted fluid intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic that can lead to orthostatic hypotension, causing dizziness. Instructing the client to change positions slowly can help prevent this adverse effect. It is important for the client to consume foods rich in potassium to prevent hypokalemia. Taking furosemide in the morning helps reduce the need for frequent urination at night. Encouraging the client to maintain an adequate fluid intake is crucial to prevent dehydration while on this medication.
A client is receiving bethanechol chloride (Urecholine). The nurse monitors the client for adverse effects of the medication and should observe for which of the following?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Constipation
- C. Hypertension
- D. Dry mouth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) stimulates muscarinic receptors, which can lead to bradycardia as an adverse effect. Monitoring for bradycardia is crucial when administering this medication. Constipation, hypertension, and dry mouth are not typically associated with the effects of bethanechol chloride.
A nurse is providing instructions to an adolescent who has a history of seizures and is taking an anticonvulsant medication. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the instructions?
- A. I will never be able to drive a car.
- B. My anticonvulsant medication will clear up my skin.
- C. I can't drink alcohol while I am taking my medication.
- D. If I forget my morning medication, I can take two pills at bedtime.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.