Nokea
19 years old primigravida comes in emergency at 32 weeks of gestation. She is complaining of blurring of vision,gross edema. On examination her B.P is 170/115 mm Hg. What is the most likely diagnosis:
- A. Hypertension.
- B. Renal disease.
- C. Eclampsia.
- D. Preeclampsia.
- E. Thyroid disease.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mmHg) after 20 weeks gestation with symptoms like edema and visual disturbances. Eclampsia involves seizures which are not mentioned. Hypertension alone lacks other symptoms and renal or thyroid disease are less likely without specific indicators.
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Cardiac output is highest in:
- A. 1st trimester.
- B. 2nd trimester.
- C. 3rd trimester.
- D. During labour.
- E. During delivery.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Cardiac output peaks during delivery due to increased demand from uterine contractions and maternal effort. It rises progressively during pregnancy but is highest at delivery.
The nurse advises the parents that, to detect possible complications of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the child will require which periodic evaluation?
- A. Chest X-rays
- B. Dental examinations
- C. Hearing examinations
- D. Eye examinations
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: JRA can cause uveitis, an eye inflammation that may lead to vision loss if untreated. Periodic eye examinations are essential to detect this complication early.
What information regarding the dangers of tattooing should the nurse provide for this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Tattooing can lead to skin cancer.
- B. There can be an allergic reaction to the tattoo ink.
- C. Tattooing can result in skin infections.
- D. There is a risk for contracting hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) if dirty needles are used in tattooing.
- E. Tattooing can cause spontaneous abortions in pregnant women.
- F. Tattooing can result in heart and lung conditions.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Tattooing risks include allergic reactions to ink, skin infections from unsterile equipment, and bloodborne infections like hepatitis B and HIV from contaminated needles. Skin cancer, abortions, and heart/lung conditions are not directly linked.
Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching the parents about the administration of oral penicillin to their child?
- A. Give the medication with a full glass of orange juice.
- B. Give the medication after a large meal.
- C. Continue the medication even if the child develops a rash.
- D. Continue the medication for the full course of therapy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Completing the full course of penicillin therapy eradicates the infection and prevents recurrence or resistance, especially for streptococcal infections.
A 23 years old primigravida comes in labour room for induction of labour. Cervix is closed and 3 cm long. Which of the following medicine will be given to her for cervical ripening?
- A. Methergin.
- B. Salbutamol.
- C. Prostaglandin E2.
- D. Paracetamol.
- E. Methyldopa.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandin E2 is used for cervical ripening in induction of labor as it softens and dilates the cervix. Other medications are not indicated for this purpose.