Nokea
A 10-year-old has a fractured left leg with no trauma occurring to cause it. The health-care provider diagnoses a pathological fracture, possibly from a bone tumor. What type of diagnostic test would be ordered in this situation?
- A. CT scan
- B. MRI
- C. Bone scan
- D. Electromyelogram
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An MRI is best for evaluating soft tissue and potential bone tumors causing a pathological fracture. CT scans focus on bone structure, bone scans detect bone activity, and electromyelograms assess nerve function.
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A patient states he has fallen twice since using crutches for a foot injury. Which of the following questions might you want to ask him?
- A. Have you had any physical therapy for balancing exercises?
- B. Are you sure your crutch tips are not too slick?
- C. Would you show me how you hold your foot when you walk with the crutches?
- D. Haven't you ever used crutches before?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Asking about balance therapy, crutch tip condition, and walking technique helps identify fall causes. Option D is judgmental and unhelpful.
When a walker is correctly fitted to a patient, which of the following is true?
- A. The walker will come to the patient's hip.
- B. The top bar of the walker will reach the patient's waist.
- C. The patient's elbows will be bent at a 30-degree angle when his or her hands are on the handles.
- D. The patient's elbows will be bent at a 90-degree angle when the patient is pushing the walker.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct walker fit includes elbows bent at 15-30 degrees when hands are on handles for comfort and control.
What is the advantage of a multipronged cane over a single-tipped cane?
- A. It is easier to adjust to the patient's height.
- B. It can stand by itself rather than having to be leaned against something.
- C. The handle on a multipronged cane is easier to grasp.
- D. It decreases the chances of the cane slipping as the patient leans on it.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A multipronged cane's wider base reduces slipping risk and improves stability.
A patient came to the ER complaining of pain in her elbow after a fall. The x-ray shows fractured ulna at the olecranon process. There is also a suspected fracture of the radius. Which diagnostic test would be most helpful in determining a complete diagnosis?
- A. CT scan
- B. MRI
- C. Bone scan
- D. Electromyelogram
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A CT scan provides detailed imaging of bones, making it ideal for confirming suspected fractures like the radius fracture. MRI is better for soft tissue, bone scans for bone activity, and electromyelograms assess nerve function.
You are working in a long-term care setting. One of the residents is able to ambulate but sits in a wheelchair each day. What action will you take?
- A. Check the orders for ambulation and be sure that they are followed to promote mobility.
- B. Change the activity order to wheelchair only because the resident prefers to sit rather than ambulate.
- C. Instruct the CNA to do passive range-of-motion exercises because the resident is not ambulating anymore.
- D. Call the doctor and report that the resident is no longer ambulating.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Promoting mobility by following ambulation orders prevents complications like muscle atrophy. Changing orders or assuming non-ambulation is premature without assessment.