Nokea
A 14-year-old is being screened for scoliosis. Which of the following statements about scoliosis screening is true?
- A. Teenagers ages 14 to 16 should be screened yearly.
- B. A shirt and shorts are worn for screening.
- C. The girl is assessed standing and bending forward.
- D. The girl should refrain from eating 8 hours before the examination.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the girl standing and bending forward is the standard method to detect spinal asymmetry during scoliosis screening.
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The nurse is preparing an infant for inguinal hernia repair. Which preoperative intervention is most important?
- A. Administering a sedative.
- B. Ensuring NPO status.
- C. Applying a warm compress.
- D. Checking for allergies.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NPO status is critical to prevent aspiration during anesthesia.
The physician has ordered intravenous mannitol (Osmitrol) for a child with a head injury. The best indicator that the drug has been effective is:
- A. Increased urine output.
- B. Improved level of consciousness.
- C. Decreased intracranial pressure.
- D. Decreased edema.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mannitol reduces intracranial pressure by osmotic diuresis; decreased intracranial pressure is the primary indicator of its effectiveness.
Which of following should the nurse perform to help alleviate a child's joint pain associated with rheumatic fever?
- A. Maintaining the joints in an extended position.
- B. Applying gentle traction to the child's affected joints.
- C. Supporting proper alignment with rolled pillows.
- D. Using a bed cradle to avoid the weight of bed linens on joints.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A bed cradle reduces pressure from bed linens, alleviating joint pain in rheumatic fever. Other options may not effectively reduce pain or could cause discomfort.
A 5-year-old child with burns on the trunk and arms has no appetite. The nurse and mother develop a plan of care to stimulate the child's appetite. Which of the following suggestions made by the mother would indicate that she needs additional teaching?
- A. Deciding that she will feed the child herself.
- B. Withholding dessert and treats unless meals are eaten.
- C. Offering the child finger foods that the child likes.
- D. Serving smaller and more frequent meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Withholding desserts can create negative associations with eating, reducing appetite. Feeding assistance, finger foods, and smaller meals are appropriate to encourage intake in a burn patient with high metabolic needs.
Which of the following is appropriate language development for an 8-month-old? The child should be:
- A. Saying 'dada' and 'mama' specifically ('dada' to father and 'mama' to mother).
- B. Saying three other words besides 'mama' and 'dada.'
- C. Saying 'dada' and 'mama' nonspecifically.
- D. Saying 'ball' when parents point to a ball.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 8 months, infants typically say 'dada' and 'mama' nonspecifically, as specific use develops closer to 12 months.